{"title":"Electrode","description":"","products":[{"product_id":"catrode-alkaline-water-electrolysis-electrode-pgm-free","title":"Catrode alkaline water electrolysis electrode (PGM-free)","description":"\u003cp\u003eCatrode® is a precious metal free (also known as platinum group metal free) alkaline water electrolysis electrode that can be used both at the anode and catrode compartments.  The substrate is based on the stainless steel fiber felt (also known as metallic diffusion layer) that is activated through a proprietary innovative electrochemical treatment process in order to establish electrochemically active Ni-Fe electrocatalyst particles directly on the surface of the fibers without any polymeric binder materials.  During the electrochemical activation process\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003efirst the surface area is increased by selectively removing the chromium component from the stainless steel (which is an alloy for its compotion) and then migration of nickel to the surface of the fibers and hence generation of Fe-Ni catalytic surface layer. Elimination of the binder during the process allowed the novel electrodes made via this process to work across a wide range of alkaline environment such as 0.1 Molar to 5 Molar.  Pictorial comparison of the pristine felt and activated felt products are given below.  The electrode has a thickness of ~0.6 mm.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe front (below\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eimage on the left) and back side (below\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eimage on the right) images of the Catrode® electrode are given below.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eApplications that can benefit from Catrode® electrodes:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAEM based alkaline water electrolyzers\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eZero-gap alkaline water electrolyzers\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAlkaline electrolyte containing devices where the main electrochemical reactions are either oxygen evolution reaction and hydrogen evolution reactions\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAlkaline oxygen concentrators\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eetc.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAlkaline fuel cell and alkaline battery based electrochemical devices may also benefit from Catrode® electrodes\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ethough this would require certain modifications and please contact us at sales@fuelcellstore.com for more information.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePerformance:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePerformance comparison of commercial activated nickel foam to Catrode® electrode is given below (constant current mode at 200 mA\/cm2 using 3M KOH electrolyte).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePolarization curve comparison of commercial nickel alloy electro to Catrode® electrode is given below (using 3M KOH electrolyte).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3-4 weeks of lead time is to be expected.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Thasar S.r.l.","offers":[{"title":"10 x 10","offer_id":54022716096838,"sku":"80068001","price":0.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"20 x 20","offer_id":57047448617286,"sku":"80068002","price":0.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0533\/5600\/3482\/files\/cathrode-back-view-100x100-500x500.jpg?v=1749552427"},{"product_id":"0-3-mg-cm-40-platinum-on-vulcan-carbon-cloth-electrode-w1s1011","title":"0.3 mg\/cm² 40% Platinum on Vulcan - Carbon Cloth Electrode (W1S1011)","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eA low-cost electrode utilizing a woven carbon cloth substrate and a 40% Platinum on Vulcan Carbon support catalyst.  This low loading is designed for cost sensitive applications and is suitable for electrochemical systems needing low amounts of Platinum to support the reaction.  This electrode is perfect for Hydrogen\/Air Fuel Cell applications where the extra cost of the higher loading GDE may not be justified. The Gas Diffusion Layer (GDL) used is a standard carbon cloth with MPL which is 410 microns thick. Other GDL materials are also available by custom request\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eas are custom sizes and loadings._x000D_ _x000D_ Includes a Nafion Post Coat for improved water management and adhesion to the membrane._x000D_ _x000D_ This product can be considered as a good replacement for the GDEs that were using W1S1009 and W1S1010 as the substrate of the same catalyst loading._x000D_ _x000D_ We usually carry this product as a stock item and it has short lead times (\u0026lt;1 week).  Depending on the demand\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ethe lead time may extend to 3-4 weeks._x000D_ _x000D_  \u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"FCS","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":54022717473094,"sku":"11060054","price":0.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0533\/5600\/3482\/files\/gas-diffusion-layer-carbon-paper-500x500_223b0cd0-808f-4e0d-8116-f30b08c01a58.jpg?v=1749552425"},{"product_id":"0-3-mg-cm-40-platinum-on-vulcan-carbon-paper-electrode","title":"0.3 mg\/cm² 40% Platinum on Vulcan - Carbon Paper Electrode","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eA low-cost electrode utilizing a carbon fiber paper substrate and a 40% Platinum on Vulcan Carbon support catalyst.  This low loading is designed for cost sensitive applications and is suitable for electrochemical systems needing low amounts of Platinum to support the reaction.  This electrode is perfect for Hydrogen\/Air Fuel Cell applications where the extra cost of the higher loading GDE may not be justified. The Gas Diffusion Layer (GDL) used is Sigracet 22 BB which is 215 microns thick. Other GDL materials are also available by custom request\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eas are custom sizes and loadings._x000D_ _x000D_ Includes a Nafion Post Coat for improved water management and adhesion to the membrane.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"FCS","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":54022717997382,"sku":"11060020","price":0.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0533\/5600\/3482\/files\/GDE-500x500_66db5ffa-a6f2-42de-8e62-276750462b00.jpg?v=1749552424"},{"product_id":"0-5-mg-cm-60-platinum-on-vulcan-carbon-cloth-electrode-w1s1011","title":"0.5 mg\/cm² 60% Platinum on Vulcan - Carbon Cloth Electrode (W1S1011)","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe standard low-cost electrode utilizing a woven carbon cloth substrate and a 60% Platinum on Vulcan Carbon support catalyst.  This low loading is designed for cost sensitive applications and is suitable for electrochemical systems needing low amounts of Platinum to support the reaction.  This electrode is perfect for Hydrogen\/Air Fuel Cell applications where the extra cost of the higher loading GDE may not be justified. The Gas Diffusion Layer (GDL) used is a standard carbon cloth with MPL which is 410 microns thick. Other GDL materials are also available by custom request\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eas are custom sizes and loadings._x000D_ _x000D_ Includes a Nafion Post Coat for improved water management and adhesion to the membrane._x000D_ _x000D_ This product can be considered as a good replacement for the GDEs that were using W1S1009 and W1S1010 as the substrate of the same catalyst loading._x000D_ _x000D_ We usually carry this product as a stock item and it has short lead times (\u0026lt;1 week).  Depending on the demand\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ethe lead time may extend to 3-4 weeks._x000D_ _x000D_  \u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"FCS","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":54022718292294,"sku":"11060059","price":0.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0533\/5600\/3482\/files\/gas-diffusion-layer-carbon-paper-500x500_3a654cc5-3a28-4bac-a0af-9db41e1f9e6a.jpg?v=1749552423"},{"product_id":"0-5-mg-cm-60-platinum-on-vulcan-carbon-paper-electrode","title":"0.5 mg\/cm² 60% Platinum on Vulcan - Carbon Paper Electrode","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe standard low-cost electrode utilizing a carbon fiber paper substrate and a 60% Platinum on Vulcan Carbon support catalyst.  This low loading is designed for cost sensitive applications and is suitable for electrochemical systems needing low amounts of Platinum to support the reaction.  This electrode is perfect for Hydrogen\/Air Fuel Cell applications where the extra cost of the higher loading GDE may not be justified. The Gas Diffusion Layer (GDL) used is Sigracet 22 BB which is 215 microns thick. Other GDL materials are also available by custom request\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eas are custom sizes and loadings._x000D_ _x000D_ Includes a Nafion Post Coat for improved water management and adhesion to the membrane.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"FCS","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":54022718357830,"sku":"11060024","price":0.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0533\/5600\/3482\/files\/GDE-500x500_65c93c74-0f3b-4026-b581-b02e80ca00d6.jpg?v=1749552422"},{"product_id":"2-mg-cm-platinum-black-carbon-cloth-electrode-w1s1011","title":"2 mg\/cm² Platinum Black - Carbon Cloth Electrode (W1S1011)","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe most cost effective\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ehigher catalyst loading Gas Diffusion Electrode.  At 2.0 mg\/cm² of Platinum Black\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ethis GDE has 4-times the loading of the standard loading and is used in Fuel Cells and electrochemical systems requiring higher performance levels than can be reached with the lower loadings of supported catalysts.  This electrode is perfect for Hydrogen\/Air Fuel Cell applications where the extra cost of the higher loading GDE may not be justified. The Gas Diffusion Layer (GDL) used is a standard carbon cloth with MPL which is 410 microns thick. Other GDL materials are also available by custom request\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eas are custom sizes and loadings._x000D_ _x000D_ Includes a Nafion Post Coat for improved water management and adhesion to the membrane._x000D_ _x000D_ This product can be considered as a good replacement for the GDEs that were using W1S1009 and W1S1010 as the substrate of the same catalyst loading._x000D_ _x000D_ We usually carry this product as a stock item and it has short lead times (\u0026lt;1 week).  Depending on the demand\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ethe lead time may extend to 3-4 weeks.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"FCS","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":54022718423366,"sku":"11060064","price":0.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0533\/5600\/3482\/files\/gas-diffusion-layer-carbon-paper-500x500_717876ec-2b79-4f3f-bf9e-f6cec2350a53.jpg?v=1749552421"},{"product_id":"2-mg-cm-platinum-black-carbon-paper-electrode","title":"2 mg\/cm² Platinum Black - Carbon Paper Electrode","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe most cost effective\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ehigher catalyst loading Gas Diffusion Electrode.  At 2.0 mg\/cm² of Platinum Black\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ethis GDE has 4-times the loading of the standard loading and is used in Fuel Cells and electrochemical systems requiring higher performance levels than can be reached with the lower loadings of supported catalysts.  This electrode is perfect for Hydrogen\/Air Fuel Cell applications where the extra cost of the higher loading GDE may not be justified. The Gas Diffusion Layer (GDL) used is Sigracet 22 BB which is 215 microns thick. Other GDL materials are also available by custom request\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eas are custom sizes and loadings._x000D_ _x000D_ Includes a Nafion Post Coat for improved water management and adhesion to the membrane.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"FCS","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":54022718488902,"sku":"11060028","price":0.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0533\/5600\/3482\/files\/GDE-500x500_65dd1633-8059-49f1-b70b-b1e94bc05633.jpg?v=1749552421"},{"product_id":"4-mg-cm-platinum-black-carbon-cloth-electrode-w1s1011","title":"4 mg\/cm² Platinum Black - Carbon Cloth Electrode (W1S1011)","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThis 4.0 mg\/cm² Platinum on Carbon Cloth electrode is a high performance\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ehigh platinum loading Gas Diffusion Electrode (GDE)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003etypically used in applications where performance and efficiency are critical.  This GDE is suitable for use in Hydrogen \/ Air Fuel Cells\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHydrogen\/ Oxygen Fuel Cells\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDirect Methanol Fuel Cells (DMFC)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMicrobial Fuel Cells (MFC)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eor other electrochemical systems requiring high Platinum loadings. The Gas Diffusion Layer (GDL) used is a standard carbon cloth with MPL which is 410 microns thick. Other GDL materials are also available by custom request\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eas are custom sizes and loadings._x000D_ _x000D_ Includes a Nafion Post Coat for improved water management and adhesion to the membrane._x000D_ _x000D_ This product can be considered as a good replacement for the GDEs that were using W1S1009 and W1S1010 as the substrate of the same catalyst loading._x000D_ _x000D_ We usually carry this product as a stock item and it has short lead times (\u0026lt;1 week).  Depending on the demand\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ethe lead time may extend to 3-4 weeks.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"FCS","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":54022718587206,"sku":"11060069","price":0.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0533\/5600\/3482\/files\/gas-diffusion-layer-carbon-paper-500x500_dd830630-52b1-438d-a87b-dfcdea77ec2e.jpg?v=1749552420"},{"product_id":"4-mg-cm-platinum-black-carbon-paper-electrode","title":"4 mg\/cm² Platinum Black - Carbon Paper Electrode","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThis 4.0mg\/cm² Platinum on Carbon Paper electrode is a high performance\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ehigh platinum loading Gas Diffusion Electrode (GDE)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003etypically used in applications where performance and efficiency are critical.  This GDE is suitable for use in Hydrogen \/ Air Fuel Cells\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHydrogen\/ Oxygen Fuel Cells\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDirect Methanol Fuel Cells (DMFC)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMicrobial Fuel Cells (MFC)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eor other electrochemical systems requiring high Platinum loadings. The Gas Diffusion Layer (GDL) used is Sigracet 22 BB which is 215 microns thick. Other GDL materials are also available by custom request\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eas are custom sizes and loadings._x000D_ _x000D_ Includes a Nafion Post Coat for improved water management and adhesion to the membrane.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"FCS","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":54022718652742,"sku":"11060032","price":0.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0533\/5600\/3482\/files\/GDE-500x500_142abb01-4746-4ab2-b3e5-e78a943bea8d.jpg?v=1749552419"},{"product_id":"2-mg-cm-platinum-ruthenium-black-carbon-cloth-electrode-w1s1011","title":"2 mg\/cm² Platinum Ruthenium Black - Carbon Cloth Electrode (W1S1011)","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe 2.0 mg\/cm² Platinum Ruthenium on Carbon Cloth is the most popular Gas Diffusion Electrode (GDE) for use in Direct Methanol Fuel Cells (DMFC). The Platinum Ruthenium (PtRu) catalyst is designed to facilitate the Methanol reaction to create an efficient DMFC. The Gas Diffusion Layer (GDL) used is a standard carbon cloth with MPL which is 410 microns thick. Other GDL materials are also available by custom request\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eas are custom sizes and loadings._x000D_ _x000D_ Includes a Nafion Post Coat for improved water management and adhesion to the membrane._x000D_ _x000D_ This product can be considered as a good replacement for the GDEs that were using W1S1009 and W1S1010 as the substrate of the same catalyst loading._x000D_ _x000D_ We usually carry this product as a stock item and it has short lead times (\u0026lt;1 week).  Depending on the demand\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ethe lead time may extend to 3-4 weeks.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"FCS","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":54022718718278,"sku":"11060074","price":0.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0533\/5600\/3482\/files\/gas-diffusion-layer-carbon-paper-500x500_65067665-656c-4d18-95ff-5a2eb126e985.jpg?v=1749552418"},{"product_id":"2-mg-cm-platinum-ruthenium-black-carbon-paper-electrode","title":"2 mg\/cm² Platinum Ruthenium Black - Carbon Paper Electrode","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe 2.0mg\/cm² Platinum Ruthenium on Carbon Paper is the most popular Gas Diffusion Electrode (GDE) for use in Direct Methanol Fuel Cells (DMFC). The Platinum Ruthenium (PtRu) catalyst is designed to facilitate the Methanol reaction to create an efficient DMFC.  The Gas Diffusion Layer (GDL) used is Sigracet 22 BB which is 215 microns thick. Other GDL materials are also available by custom request\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eas are custom sizes and loadings._x000D_ _x000D_ Includes a Nafion Post Coat for improved water management and adhesion to the membrane.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"FCS","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":54022718783814,"sku":"11060036","price":0.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0533\/5600\/3482\/files\/GDE-500x500_f8d726fa-bf74-46be-a3f6-3604ccc696f5.jpg?v=1749552417"},{"product_id":"4-mg-cm-platinum-ruthenium-black-carbon-cloth-electrode-w1s1011","title":"4 mg\/cm² Platinum Ruthenium Black - Carbon Cloth Electrode (W1S1011)","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe 4.0 mg\/cm² Platinum Ruthenium on Carbon Cloth is the most popular Gas Diffusion Electrode (GDE) for use in Direct Methanol Fuel Cells (DMFC). The Platinum Ruthenium (PtRu) catalyst is designed to facilitate the Methanol reaction to create an efficient DMFC. The Gas Diffusion Layer (GDL) used is a standard carbon cloth with MPL which is 410 microns thick. Other GDL materials are also available by custom request\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eas are custom sizes and loadings._x000D_ _x000D_ Includes a Nafion Post Coat for improved water management and adhesion to the membrane._x000D_ _x000D_ This product can be considered as a good replacement for the GDEs that were using W1S1009 and W1S1010 as the substrate of the same catalyst loading._x000D_ _x000D_ We usually carry this product as a stock item and it has short lead times (\u0026lt;1 week).  Depending on the demand\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ethe lead time may extend to 3-4 weeks.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"FCS","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":54022718849350,"sku":"11060079","price":0.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0533\/5600\/3482\/files\/gas-diffusion-layer-carbon-paper-500x500_499d2aab-797c-4bf9-8f8c-3b71d82cd944.jpg?v=1749552416"},{"product_id":"4-mg-cm-platinum-ruthenium-black-carbon-paper-electrode","title":"4 mg\/cm² Platinum Ruthenium Black - Carbon Paper Electrode","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe 4.0mg\/cm² Platinum Ruthenium on Carbon Paper is the most popular Gas Diffusion Electrode (GDE) for use in Direct Methanol Fuel Cells (DMFC). The Platinum Ruthenium (PtRu) catalyst is designed to facilitate the Methanol reaction to create an efficient DMFC.  The Gas Diffusion Layer (GDL) used is Sigracet 22 BB which is 215 microns thick. Other GDL materials are also available by custom request\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eas are custom sizes and loadings._x000D_ _x000D_ Includes a Nafion Post Coat for improved water management and adhesion to the membrane.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"FCS","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":54022718947654,"sku":"11060040","price":0.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0533\/5600\/3482\/files\/GDE-500x500_0706033d-e526-4352-9fe8-a89c15a8f9d5.jpg?v=1749552415"},{"product_id":"gas-diffusion-electrode-variety-kit-w1s1011","title":"Gas Diffusion Electrode Variety Kit (W1S1011)","description":"\u003cp\u003eThe Gas Diffusion Electrode Variety Kit (also known as the GDE Kit) comes with a variety of 5 different (10 in all)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePlatinum coated carbon cloth gas diffusion electrodes at a discounted price! The kit includes two of each\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eof the following types of GDE:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e• 0.03 mg\/cm² 20% Platinum on Vulcan (W1S1011)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e• 0.3 mg\/cm² 40% Platinum on Vulcan (W1S1011)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e• 0.5 mg\/cm² 60% Platinum on Vulcan (W1S1011)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e• 2 mg\/cm² Platinum Black (W1S1011)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e• 4 mg\/cm² Platinum Black (W1S1011)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYou can see more specifications and information by clicking the gas diffusion electrode name above.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGas Diffusion Electrode Variety Kits (W1S1009 and W1S1010) have been discontinued and are permanently replaced by Gas Diffusion Electrode Variety Kit (W1S1011).\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Fuel Cell Store","offers":[{"title":"5 x 5","offer_id":54625734000966,"sku":"11060084","price":0.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"10 x 10","offer_id":54625734033734,"sku":"11060084","price":0.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0533\/5600\/3482\/files\/gde-variety-kit-500x500.jpg?v=1749552401"},{"product_id":"carbon-dioxide-electrolyzer-cathode-electrode","title":"Carbon Dioxide Electrolyzer - Cathode Electrode","description":"\u003cp\u003eThe Carbon Dioxide Electrolyzer - Cathode Electrode is a carbon paper coated with a silver electrocatalyst and an ionomer mixture described in Kutz et al. Energy Technology to appear (2017).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSheet Size: 20 cm x 20 cm\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e***Buyer represents and warrants that all uses of Product will be for Buyer's own use\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ewhich means\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ein particular\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ethat Buyer will not sell\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003edistribute\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eor transfer Product\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ewhether directly or indirectly\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eto any class of trade (each a Product Diversion ). Any Product Diversion shall be considered a material breach of this Purchase Contract. The Products contain chemical substances not on the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA ) inventory. Samples may be hazardous. Buyer represents and warrants that it will only use the samples for research and development purposes under the supervision of a technically qualified individual.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Thasar S.r.l.","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":54022783107398,"sku":"27060001","price":0.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0533\/5600\/3482\/files\/cathode-electrode-500x500.jpg?v=1749552400"},{"product_id":"carbon-dioxide-electrolyzer-anode-electrode","title":"Carbon Dioxide Electrolyzer - Anode Electrode","description":"\u003cp\u003eThe Carbon Dioxide Electrolyzer - Anode Electrode is a carbon paper carbon paper coated with a iridium oxide electrocatalyst and an ionomer mixture described in Kutz et al. Energy Technology to appear (2017).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSheet Size: 20 cm x 20 cm\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e***Buyer represents and warrants that all uses of Product will be for Buyer's own use\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ewhich means\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ein particular\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ethat Buyer will not sell\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003edistribute\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eor transfer Product\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ewhether directly or indirectly\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eto any class of trade (each a Product Diversion ). Any Product Diversion shall be considered a material breach of this Purchase Contract. The Products contain chemical substances not on the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA ) inventory. Samples may be hazardous. Buyer represents and warrants that it will only use the samples for research and development purposes under the supervision of a technically qualified individual.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Thasar S.r.l.","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":54022783238470,"sku":"27060002","price":0.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0533\/5600\/3482\/files\/cathode-electrode-500x500_53b64667-c8e6-48e1-b053-52d7fa06b45c.jpg?v=1749552399"},{"product_id":"water-electrolyzer-cathode-electrode-ni-mesh","title":"Water Electrolyzer - Cathode Electrode (Ni Mesh)","description":"\u003cp\u003eThe Water Electrolyzer - Cathode Electrode is a nickel Mesh coated with a cathode catalyst. The cathode catalyst is described in Zengcai Liu et al. “The effect of membrane on an alkaline water electrolyzer”.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSheet Size: 20 cm x 20 cm\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e6-8 week lead time is to be expected.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e***Buyer represents and warrants that all uses of Product will be for Buyer's own use\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ewhich means\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ein particular\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ethat Buyer will not sell\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003edistribute\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eor transfer Product\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ewhether directly or indirectly\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eto any class of trade (each a Product Diversion ). Any Product Diversion shall be considered a material breach of this Purchase Contract. The Products contain chemical substances not on the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA ) inventory. Samples may be hazardous. Buyer represents and warrants that it will only use the samples for research and development purposes under the supervision of a technically qualified individual.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Thasar S.r.l.","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":54022783631686,"sku":"27060003","price":0.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0533\/5600\/3482\/files\/anode-electrode-500x500.jpg?v=1749552398"},{"product_id":"water-electrolyzer-anode-electrode","title":"Water Electrolyzer - Anode Electrode","description":"\u003cp\u003eThe Water Electrolyzer - Anode Electrode is a stainless steel fiber paper coated with an anode catalyst. The anode catalyst is described in Zengcai Liu et al. “The effect of membrane on an alkaline water electrolyzer”.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSheet Size: 20 cm x 20 cm\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e6-8 week lead time is to be expected.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e***Buyer represents and warrants that all uses of Product will be for Buyer's own use\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ewhich means\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ein particular\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ethat Buyer will not sell\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003edistribute\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eor transfer Product\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ewhether directly or indirectly\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eto any class of trade (each a Product Diversion ). Any Product Diversion shall be considered a material breach of this Purchase Contract. The Products contain chemical substances not on the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA ) inventory. Samples may be hazardous. Buyer represents and warrants that it will only use the samples for research and development purposes under the supervision of a technically qualified individual.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Thasar S.r.l.","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":54022783861062,"sku":"27060004","price":0.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0533\/5600\/3482\/files\/anode-electrode-500x500_2a8660a2-c9c7-4843-9e6c-a419b6c02fc2.jpg?v=1749552397"},{"product_id":"high-performance-alkaline-air-diffusion-electrode-ade-with-non-precious-metal-catalyst","title":"High Performance Alkaline Air Diffusion Electrode (ADE) with Non-Precious Metal Catalyst","description":"\u003cp\u003eHigh performance alkaline air diffusion electrode (ADE) is manufactured with a proprietary non-precious and non-platinum group metal catalyst.  The substrate of the electrode is based on the nickel foam.  The catalyst\/MPL is coated on one side of the nickel foam.  The back side is laminated with a porous PTFE film.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis alkaline air diffusion electrode has a thickness of ~0.82-0.85 mm.  The dimensions of the electrode is 12 x 12cm.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCapabilities:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSome of the major advantages of this alkaline air diffusion electrode can be summarized as:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHigh current density capability (up to 500 mA\/cm2 depending on the type of the electrolyte and reactants used)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eProven long lifetime (greater than 12,000 hours demonstrated in the lab)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLow cost non-precious metal catalyst\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eElectrochemical Performance in a Zinc\/Air Battery:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe following performance curve is the testing of the alkaline air diffusion electrode with a zinc-air battery cell using 30 wt% alkaline electrolyte.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eApplications that can benefit from this electrode:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMetal-air batteries with alkaline or neutral electrolyte\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAlkaline fuel cells with liquid electrolyte\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAlkaline fuel cells with solid membranes such as anion exchange membranes\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLithium-air batteries\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMetal-hydride air batteries\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAir reduction-based chlor-alkali electrolysis (also known as cathode depolarized chlor-alkali electrolysis)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eZinc-air batteries\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMagnesium-air batteries\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eScientific Literature Relevant to This Product:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAn article by\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.cell.com\/joule\/fulltext\/S2542-4351(25)00143-6\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSugano et al. entitled \"Sodium-air fuel cell for high energy density and low-cost electric power\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.cell.com\/joule\/fulltext\/S2542-4351(25)00143-6\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\"\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003edescribes the use of High Performance Alkaline Air Diffusion Electrode (ADE) for sodium-air fuel cell application and demonstrating its high energy density (1200 Wh\/kg or 1295 Wh\/L) at 80 mA\/cm2.  This article demonstrates the concept of a liquid sodium-humidified air fuel cell using a solid electrolyte and the discharge by-product spontaneously capturing atmospheric CO2.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Fuel Cell Store","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":54022784549190,"sku":"89060001","price":0.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0533\/5600\/3482\/files\/air-diffusion-electrode-72660000-1-500x500.jpg?v=1749552396"},{"product_id":"celtec-high-temperature-pem-fuel-cell-anode-electrode","title":"Celtec High Temperature PEM Fuel Cell Anode Electrode","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eCeltec\u003c\/h2\u003e High Temperature PEM Fuel Cell Anode Electrode:\n\u003cp\u003eBASF offers the state-of-the art anode electrode for high-temperature proton exchange membrane (HT-PEM) fuel cells and other relevant applications. This product is also known as Celteh P1100W Anode in the fuel cell industry and utilizes a woven carbon cloth with microporous layer as its gas diffusion layer.  It is capable of operating in the temperature range of 120 and 180 °C and can tolerate large concentrations of carbon monoxide and reformate fuel streams used for such applications. This high performance anode electrode technology enables high temperature PEM fuel cell systems\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePBI membrane based PEM fuel cell systems\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePBI-copolymer membrane based fuel cell systems\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eand other high temperature PEM utilizing fuel cells to demonstrate exceptional performance with various fuels (pure H2\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ereformate\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eetc.) and long operational lifetimes.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis Celtec P1100W anode electrode has dimensions of 23.2 cm X 27.8 cm and sold as individually packaged electrode sheets.  The anode catalyst is based on BASF's proprietary platinum alloy composition (also known as Pt-alloy) with a specialty carbon support and the platinum metal loading for this anode electrode is approximately ~1 mg\/cm2.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor any other tailored or customized high temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cell (HT-PEMFC) anode electrodes\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eplease contact us atsales@fuelcellstore.com.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFuel Cell Performance of Celtec®-P MEAs with Celtec Anode Electrodes:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHydrogen\/Air and Reformate\/Air reactant based fuel cell performance of Celtec®-P MEAs are provided below.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCO Tolerance of Celtec®-P MEAs with Celtec Anode Electrodes:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOne of the major benefit of the high temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cell technology is the capability of consuming the reformed hydrogen stream\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eit is essential that MEAs used in such electrochemical devices have excellent carbon monoxide tolerance.  During the reformation reaction\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ethere is a small amount of the carbon monoxide gas generated in the fuel stream exiting the reforming catalyst bed\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eand presence of carbon monoxide can impact the overall fuel cell performance.  BASF Celtec®-P MEAs uses a proprietary anode and cathode catalysts in order to allow the Celtec®-P MEAs tolerate high levels of carbon monoxide compared to the other commercial high temperature PEMFC MEAs.  The following graph provides an example performance curve for Celtec®-P MEAs at different CO concentrations as a function of temperature.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRobust Performance Against Humidity Changes for Celtec®-P MEAs with Celtech Anode Electrodes:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eConventional high temperature PEMFC devices would usually use a polybenzimidazole PBI) or a co-polymer of PBI membrane that is phosphoric acid doped after the production of the membrane.  Such membrane activation and containment of the liquid acid inside the membrane result in acid leaching phenomenon.  PEM fuel cells generate water as the main by-product at the cathode side and presence of water further impacts the acid leaching phenomenon with the conventional PBI membrane.  Celtec®-P MEAs utilized an advance form of PBI membrane where the proprietary tetraamino monomer and dicarboxylic acid monomer are first reacted via polycondensation reaction in phosphoric acid and then a solution casting \u0026amp; hydrolysis step is carried out in order to obtain the Celtec®-P membrane.  This sol-gel synthesis protocol allows the PBI membrane to attain a novel morphology where the phosphoric acid is contained inside the membrane more effectively and has less acid leaching issues compared to conventional PBI membranes.  Laboratory test results showed that operational lifetimes of exceeding 20\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e000 hours can easily be achieved with Celtec®-P MEAs and Celtec®-P membranes.  The following graph provides the robust performance of Celtec®-P MEA against different humidity conditions.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor customers that purchased this product\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea copy BASF Fuel Cell Handbook will be provided separately (free-of-charge) in an electronic format such as PDF file.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eScientific Literature Related to Celtec Anode Electrodes:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAn article by Michael G. Waller et al. entitled \"Performance of high temperature PEM fuel cell materials. Part 1: Effects of temperature\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003epressure and anode dilution\" demonstrates the use of Celtec electrodes within a high temperature PEMFC environment within a temperature range of 160-200 deg Celsius\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e101-200 kPa\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eand H2 concentrations of 30% to 100%.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAn article by Thomas J. Schmidt entitled \"Durability and Degradation in High-Temperature Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells\" demonstrates the use of Celtec MEA with Celtech electrodes for 18000 hours of operation within a high temperature PEMFC environment and very low voltage degradation rates.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAn article by Thomas J. Schmidt entitled \"High-Temperature Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells: Durability Insights\" investigates degradation mechanisms during start\/stop operation and presents a better understanding of corrosion effects in high-temperature MEAs by using Celtec MEAs with Celtec electrodes.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAn article by David Aili et al. entitled \"Polybenzimidazole-Based High-Temperature Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells: New Insights and Recent Progress\" discusses the current status of the high temperature PEM fuel cell research\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003esummarizes the electrochemical performance of Celtec MEA with Celtec electrodes and other supplier's products.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAn article by D. C. Seel et al. entitled \"High-temperature polybenzimidazol-based membranes\" discusses PBI synthesis methods\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003emembrane casting and doping steps\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003emechanical strength and stability of polybenzimidazoles\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eother self-supporting and composite membranes relevant to high temperature PEMFC applications\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003econductivity of these membranes\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ecatalysts\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eelectrodes\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eand membrane electrode assemblies including Celtec MEAs with Celtec electrodes\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eand finally summrizes the durability and electrochemical performance of the commercial MEAs\/electrodes from various suppliers.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAn article by F. J. Pinar et al. entitled \"Effect of Compression Cycling on Polybenzimidazole-based High-Temperature Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells\" discusses the compression cycling of Celtec MEAs with Celtec electrodes.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAn article by Vladimir Gurau and Emory S. De Castro entitled \"High Speed\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLow Cost Fabrication of Gas Diffusion Electrodes for Membrane Electrode Assemblies\" discusses the automated high speed and low cost production for Celtec electrodes and shares insight to how the production method can effect the final electrochemical performance of the electrodes.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAn article by Vladimir Gurau and Emory S. De Castro entitled \"Prediction of Performance Variation Caused by Manufacturing Tolerances and Defects in Gas Diffusion Electrodes of Phosphoric Acid (PA)–Doped Polybenzimidazole (PBI)-Based High-Temperature Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells\" discusses the prediction of performance variation caused by the automated production for Celtec MEAs with Celtec electrodes.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA research project conducted by Fluid Cell company entitled \"State-of-the-art of PEM FCs for stationary applications\" presents the electrochemical performance of Celtec MEAs with Celtec electrodes for stationary applications.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAn article by Arvind Kannan et al. entitled \"Long term testing of start–stop cycles on high temperature PEM fuel cell stack\" discusses long term performance testing with frequent start-stop cycles and also under uninterrupted operation for the Celtec MEA with Celtec electrodes.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAn article by Thomas J.Schmidt and Jochen Baurmeister entitled \"Properties of high-temperature PEFC Celtec®-P 1000 MEAs in start\/stop operation mode\" investigates the electrochemical performance of Celtec MEA with Celtec electrodes for 6000 hours with start\/stop cycles.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA typical lead time of 1-2 weeks is to be expected.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCatalyst Properties\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCatalyst Type\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePlatinum alloy supported on specialty carbon support\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLoading\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e~1.0 mg\/cm2 for platinum metal\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGas Diffusion Layer Properties\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMaterial Type\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWoven Carbon Fiber Cloth\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Thasar S.r.l.","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":54022784581958,"sku":"20060001","price":0.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0533\/5600\/3482\/files\/gas-diffusion-layer-carbon-paper-500x500_bc766b39-ff8d-4998-9b45-2c00bb48b55c.jpg?v=1749552396"},{"product_id":"celtec-high-temperature-pem-fuel-cell-cathode-electrode","title":"Celtec High Temperature PEM Fuel Cell Cathode Electrode","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eCeltec\u003c\/h2\u003e High Temperature PEM Fuel Cell Cathode Electrode:\n\u003cp\u003eBASF offers the state-of-the art cathode electrode for high-temperature proton exchange membrane (HT-PEM) fuel cells and other relevant applications. This product is also known as Celteh P1100W Cathode in the fuel cell industry and utilizes a woven carbon cloth with microporous layer as its gas diffusion layer.  It is capable of operating in the temperature range of 120 and 180 °C and can be used as the cathode electrode (or oxygen reduction reaction electrode) for HT-PEM fue cell applications. This high performance cathode electrode technology enables high temperature PEM fuel cell systems\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePBI membrane based PEM fuel cell systems\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePBI-copolymer membrane based fuel cell systems\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eand other high temperature PEM utilizing fuel cells to demonstrate exceptional electrochemical performance and long operational lifetimes.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis Celtec P1100W cathode electrode has dimensions of 23.2 cm X 27.8 cm and sold as individually packaged electrode sheets.  The cathode catalyst is based on BASF's proprietary platinum alloy composition (also known as Pt-alloy) with a specialty carbon support and the platinum metal loading for this cathode electrode is approximately ~0.70 mg\/cm2.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor any other tailored or customized high temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cell (HT-PEMFC) cathode electrodes\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eplease contact us atsales@fuelcellstore.com.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFuel Cell Performance of Celtec®-P MEAs with Celtec Cathode Electrodes:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHydrogen\/Air and Reformate\/Air reactant based fuel cell performance of Celtec®-P MEAs are provided below.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCO Tolerance of Celtec®-P MEAs with Celtec Cathode Electrodes:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOne of the major benefit of the high temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cell technology is the capability of consuming the reformed hydrogen stream\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eit is essential that MEAs used in such electrochemical devices have excellent carbon monoxide tolerance.  During the reformation reaction\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ethere is a small amount of the carbon monoxide gas generated in the fuel stream exiting the reforming catalyst bed\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eand presence of carbon monoxide can impact the overall fuel cell performance.  BASF Celtec®-P MEAs uses a proprietary anode and cathode catalysts in order to allow the Celtec®-P MEAs tolerate high levels of carbon monoxide compared to the other commercial high temperature PEMFC MEAs.  The following graph provides an example performance curve for Celtec®-P MEAs at different CO concentrations as a function of temperature.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRobust Performance Against Humidity Changes for Celtec®-P MEAs with Celtech Cathode Electrodes:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eConventional high temperature PEMFC devices would usually use a polybenzimidazole PBI) or a co-polymer of PBI membrane that is phosphoric acid doped after the production of the membrane.  Such membrane activation and containment of the liquid acid inside the membrane result in acid leaching phenomenon.  PEM fuel cells generate water as the main by-product at the cathode side and presence of water further impacts the acid leaching phenomenon with the conventional PBI membrane.  Celtec®-P MEAs utilized an advance form of PBI membrane where the proprietary tetraamino monomer and dicarboxylic acid monomer are first reacted via polycondensation reaction in phosphoric acid and then a solution casting \u0026amp; hydrolysis step is carried out in order to obtain the Celtec®-P membrane.  This sol-gel synthesis protocol allows the PBI membrane to attain a novel morphology where the phosphoric acid is contained inside the membrane more effectively and has less acid leaching issues compared to conventional PBI membranes.  Laboratory test results showed that operational lifetimes of exceeding 20\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e000 hours can easily be achieved with Celtec®-P MEAs and Celtec®-P membranes.  The following graph provides the robust performance of Celtec®-P MEA against different humidity conditions.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor customers that purchased this product\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea copy BASF Fuel Cell Handbook will be provided separately (free-of-charge) in an electronic format such as PDF file.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eScientific Literature Related to Celtec Electrodes:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAn article by Michael G. Waller et al. entitled \"Performance of high temperature PEM fuel cell materials. Part 1: Effects of temperature\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003epressure and anode dilution\" demonstrates the use of Celtec electrodes within a high temperature PEMFC environment within a temperature range of 160-200 deg Celsius\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e101-200 kPa\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eand H2 concentrations of 30% to 100%.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAn article by Thomas J. Schmidt entitled \"Durability and Degradation in High-Temperature Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells\" demonstrates the use of Celtec MEA with Celtech electrodes for 18000 hours of operation within a high temperature PEMFC environment and very low voltage degradation rates.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAn article by Thomas J. Schmidt entitled \"High-Temperature Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells: Durability Insights\" investigates degradation mechanisms during start\/stop operation and presents a better understanding of corrosion effects in high-temperature MEAs by using Celtec MEAs with Celtec electrodes.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAn article by David Aili et al. entitled \"Polybenzimidazole-Based High-Temperature Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells: New Insights and Recent Progress\" discusses the current status of the high temperature PEM fuel cell research\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003esummarizes the electrochemical performance of Celtec MEA with Celtec electrodes and other supplier's products.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAn article by D. C. Seel et al. entitled \"High-temperature polybenzimidazol-based membranes\" discusses PBI synthesis methods\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003emembrane casting and doping steps\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003emechanical strength and stability of polybenzimidazoles\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eother self-supporting and composite membranes relevant to high temperature PEMFC applications\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003econductivity of these membranes\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ecatalysts\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eelectrodes\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eand membrane electrode assemblies including Celtec MEAs with Celtec electrodes\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eand finally summrizes the durability and electrochemical performance of the commercial MEAs\/electrodes from various suppliers.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAn article by F. J. Pinar et al. entitled \"Effect of Compression Cycling on Polybenzimidazole-based High-Temperature Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells\" discusses the compression cycling of Celtec MEAs with Celtec electrodes.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAn article by Vladimir Gurau and Emory S. De Castro entitled \"High Speed\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLow Cost Fabrication of Gas Diffusion Electrodes for Membrane Electrode Assemblies\" discusses the automated high speed and low cost production for Celtec electrodes and shares insight to how the production method can effect the final electrochemical performance of the electrodes.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAn article by Vladimir Gurau and Emory S. De Castro entitled \"Prediction of Performance Variation Caused by Manufacturing Tolerances and Defects in Gas Diffusion Electrodes of Phosphoric Acid (PA)–Doped Polybenzimidazole (PBI)-Based High-Temperature Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells\" discusses the prediction of performance variation caused by the automated production for Celtec MEAs with Celtec electrodes.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA research project conducted by Fluid Cell company entitled \"State-of-the-art of PEM FCs for stationary applications\" presents the electrochemical performance of Celtec MEAs with Celtec electrodes for stationary applications.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAn article by Arvind Kannan et al. entitled \"Long term testing of start–stop cycles on high temperature PEM fuel cell stack\" discusses long term performance testing with frequent start-stop cycles and also under uninterrupted operation for the Celtec MEA with Celtec electrodes.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAn article by Thomas J.Schmidt and Jochen Baurmeister entitled \"Properties of high-temperature PEFC Celtec®-P 1000 MEAs in start\/stop operation mode\" investigates the electrochemical performance of Celtec MEA with Celtec electrodes for 6000 hours with start\/stop cycles.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA typical lead time of 1-2 weeks is to be expected.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCatalyst Properties\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCatalyst Type\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePlatinum alloy supported on specialty carbon support\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLoading\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e~0.70 mg\/cm2 for platinum metal\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGas Diffusion Layer Properties\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMaterial Type\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWoven Carbon Fiber Cloth\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Thasar S.r.l.","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":54022784811334,"sku":"20060002","price":0.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0533\/5600\/3482\/files\/gas-diffusion-layer-carbon-paper-500x500_10b09485-6a6c-4ce7-a7c6-c9317367ce06.jpg?v=1749552395"},{"product_id":"003-mgcm-20-platinum-on-vulcan-carbon-cloth-electrode-w1s1010","title":"0.03 mg\/cm² 20% Platinum on Vulcan - Carbon Cloth Electrode (W1S1010)","description":"\u003cp\u003eA low-cost electrode utilizing a woven carbon cloth substrate and a 20% Platinum on Vulcan Carbon support catalyst.  This low loading is designed for cost sensitive applications and is suitable for electrochemical systems needing low amounts of Platinum to support the reaction.  This electrode is perfect for Hydrogen\/Air Fuel Cell applications where the extra cost of the higher loading GDE may not be justified. The Gas Diffusion Layer (GDL) used is a standard carbon cloth with MPL which is 365 microns thick. Other GDL materials are also available by custom request\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eas are custom sizes and loadings.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIncludes a Nafion Post Coat for improved water management and adhesion to the membrane.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere is a limited quantity of this product is available.  Please contact us before you place an online order for this product.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCatalyst Properties\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCatalyst Type\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e20% Platinum on Vulcan (Carbon)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLoading\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e0.03 mg\/cm²\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGas Diffusion Layer Properties\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMaterial Type\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWoven Carbon Fiber Cloth\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThickness\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e0.365 +\/- 0.015 mm (365 +\/- 15 microns)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBasic Weight (g\/m²)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e175 +\/- 5\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAir Permeability (s)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026lt; 55\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eElectrical Resistivity (through plane)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026lt; 13 mΩcm²\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMicroporous Layer\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYes\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eon catalyzed side\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Fuel Cells ETC","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":54625734099270,"sku":"1620000","price":0.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}]},{"product_id":"02-mgcm-20-platinum-on-vulcan-carbon-cloth-electrode-w1s1010","title":"0.2 mg\/cm² 20% Platinum on Vulcan - Carbon Cloth Electrode (W1S1010)","description":"\u003cp\u003eA low-cost electrode utilizing a woven carbon cloth substrate and a 20% Platinum on Vulcan Carbon support catalyst.  This low loading is designed for cost sensitive applications and is suitable for electrochemical systems needing low amounts of Platinum to support the reaction.  This electrode is perfect for Hydrogen\/Air Fuel Cell applications where the extra cost of the higher loading GDE may not be justified. The Gas Diffusion Layer (GDL) used is a standard carbon cloth with MPL which is 365 microns thick. Other GDL materials are also available by custom request\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eas are custom sizes and loadings.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIncludes a Nafion Post Coat for improved water management and adhesion to the membrane.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e0.2 mg\/cm² 20% Platinum on Vulcan - Carbon Cloth Electrode (W1S1009) has been discontinued and was permanently replaced by 0.2 mg\/cm² 20% Platinum on Vulcan - Carbon Cloth Electrode (W1S1010).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere is a limited quantity of this product is available.  Please contact us before you place an online order for this product.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCatalyst Properties\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCatalyst Type\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e20% Platinum on Vulcan (Carbon)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLoading\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e0.2 mg\/cm²\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGas Diffusion Layer Properties\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMaterial Type\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWoven Carbon Fiber Cloth\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThickness\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e0.365 +\/- 0.015 mm (365 +\/- 15 microns)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBasic Weight (g\/m²)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e175 +\/- 5\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAir Permeability (s)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026lt; 55\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eElectrical Resistivity (through plane)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026lt; 14 mΩcm²\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMicroporous Layer\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYes\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eon catalyzed side\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Fuel Cells ETC","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":54625734230342,"sku":"1620004","price":0.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}]},{"product_id":"03-mgcm-40-platinum-on-vulcan-carbon-cloth-electrode-w1s1010","title":"0.3 mg\/cm² 40% Platinum on Vulcan - Carbon Cloth Electrode (W1S1010)","description":"\u003cp\u003eA low-cost electrode utilizing a woven carbon cloth substrate and a 40% Platinum on Vulcan Carbon support catalyst.  This low loading is designed for cost sensitive applications and is suitable for electrochemical systems needing low amounts of Platinum to support the reaction.  This electrode is perfect for Hydrogen\/Air Fuel Cell applications where the extra cost of the higher loading GDE may not be justified. The Gas Diffusion Layer (GDL) used is a standard carbon cloth with MPL which is 365 microns thick. Other GDL materials are also available by custom request\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eas are custom sizes and loadings.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIncludes a Nafion Post Coat for improved water management and adhesion to the membrane.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e0.3 mg\/cm² 40% Platinum on Vulcan - Carbon Cloth Electrode (W1S1009) has been discontinued and was permanently replaced by 0.3 mg\/cm² 40% Platinum on Vulcan - Carbon Cloth Electrode (W1S1010).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere is a limited quantity of this product is available.  Please contact us before you place an online order for this product.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCatalyst Properties\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCatalyst Type\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e40% Platinum on Vulcan (Carbon)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLoading\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e0.3 mg\/cm²\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGas Diffusion Layer Properties\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMaterial Type\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWoven Carbon Fiber Cloth\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThickness\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e0.365 +\/- 0.015 mm (365 +\/- 15 microns)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBasic Weight (g\/m²)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e175 +\/- 5\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAir Permeability (s)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026lt; 27\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eElectrical Resistivity (through plane)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026lt; 14 mΩcm²\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMicroporous Layer\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYes\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eon catalyzed side\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Fuel Cells ETC","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":54625734295878,"sku":"1620008","price":0.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}]},{"product_id":"05-mgcm-60-platinum-on-vulcan-carbon-cloth-electrode-w1s1010","title":"0.5 mg\/cm² 60% Platinum on Vulcan - Carbon Cloth Electrode (W1S1010)","description":"\u003cp\u003eThe standard low-cost electrode utilizing a woven carbon cloth substrate and a 60% Platinum on Vulcan Carbon support catalyst.  This low loading is designed for cost sensitive applications and is suitable for electrochemical systems needing low amounts of Platinum to support the reaction.  This electrode is perfect for Hydrogen\/Air Fuel Cell applications where the extra cost of the higher loading GDE may not be justified. The Gas Diffusion Layer (GDL) used is a standard carbon cloth with MPL which is 365 microns thick. Other GDL materials are also available by custom request\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eas are custom sizes and loadings.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIncludes a Nafion Post Coat for improved water management and adhesion to the membrane.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e0.5 mg\/cm² 60% Platinum on Vulcan - Carbon Cloth Electrode (W1S1009) has been discontinued and was permanently replaced by 0.5 mg\/cm² 60% Platinum on Vulcan - Carbon Cloth Electrode (W1S1010).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere is a limited quantity of this product is available.  Please contact us before you place an online order for this product.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCatalyst Properties\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCatalyst Type\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e60% Platinum on Vulcan (Carbon)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLoading\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e0.5 mg\/cm²\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGas Diffusion Layer Properties\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMaterial Type\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWoven Carbon Fiber Cloth\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThickness\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e0.365 +\/- 0.015 mm (365 +\/- 15 microns)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBasic Weight (g\/m²)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e175 +\/- 5\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAir Permeability (s)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026lt; 27\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eElectrical Resistivity (through plane)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026lt; 14 mΩcm²\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMicroporous Layer\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYes\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eon catalyzed side\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Fuel Cells ETC","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":54625734558022,"sku":"1620012","price":0.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}]},{"product_id":"2-mgcm-platinum-black-carbon-cloth-electrode-w1s1010","title":"2 mg\/cm² Platinum Black - Carbon Cloth Electrode (W1S1010)","description":"\u003cp\u003eThe most cost effective\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ehigher catalyst loading Gas Diffusion Electrode.  At 2.0 mg\/cm² of Platinum Black\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ethis GDE has 4-times the loading of the standard loading and is used in Fuel Cells and electrochemical systems requiring higher performance levels than can be reached with the lower loadings of supported catalysts.  This electrode is perfect for Hydrogen\/Air Fuel Cell applications where the extra cost of the higher loading GDE may not be justified. The Gas Diffusion Layer (GDL) used is a standard carbon cloth with MPL which is 365 microns thick. Other GDL materials are also available by custom request\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eas are custom sizes and loadings.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIncludes a Nafion Post Coat for improved water management and adhesion to the membrane.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e2 mg\/cm² Platinum Black - Carbon Cloth Electrode (W1S1009)has been discontinued and was permanently replaced by 2 mg\/cm² Platinum Black - Carbon Cloth Electrode (W1S1010).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere is a limited quantity of this product is available.  Please contact us before you place an online order for this product.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCatalyst Properties\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCatalyst Type\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePlatinum Black - Fuel Cell Grade\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLoading\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e2.0 mg\/cm²\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGas Diffusion Layer Properties\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMaterial Type\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWoven Carbon Fiber Cloth\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThickness\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e0.365 +\/- 0.015 mm (365 +\/- 15 microns)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBasic Weight (g\/m²)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e175 +\/- 5\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAir Permeability (s)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026lt; 27\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eElectrical Resistivity (through plane)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026lt; 14 mΩcm²\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMicroporous Layer\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYes\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eon catalyzed side\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Fuel Cells ETC","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":54625734590790,"sku":"1620016","price":0.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}]},{"product_id":"4-mgcm-platinum-black-carbon-cloth-electrode-w1s1010","title":"4 mg\/cm² Platinum Black - Carbon Cloth Electrode (W1S1010)","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis 4.0 mg\/cm² Platinum on Carbon Cloth electrode is a high performance\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ehigh platinum loading Gas Diffusion Electrode (GDE)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003etypically used in applications where performance and efficiency are critical.  This GDE is suitable for use in Hydrogen \/ Air Fuel Cells\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHydrogen\/ Oxygen Fuel Cells\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDirect Methanol Fuel Cells (DMFC)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMicrobial Fuel Cells (MFC)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eor other electrochemical systems requiring high Platinum loadings. The Gas Diffusion Layer (GDL) used is a standard carbon cloth with MPL which is 365 microns thick. Other GDL materials are also available by custom request\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eas are custom sizes and loadings.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIncludes a Nafion Post Coat for improved water management and adhesion to the membrane.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e4 mg\/cm² Platinum Black - Carbon Cloth Electrode (W1S1009) has been discontinued and was permanently replaced by 4 mg\/cm² Platinum Black - Carbon Cloth Electrode (W1S1010).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere is a limited quantity of this product is available.  Please contact us before you place an online order for this product.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCatalyst Properties\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCatalyst Type\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePlatinum Black - Fuel Cell Grade\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLoading\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e4.0 mg\/cm²\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGas Diffusion Layer Properties\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMaterial Type\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWoven Carbon Fiber Cloth\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThickness\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e0.365 +\/- 0.015 mm (365 +\/- 15 microns)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBasic Weight (g\/m²)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e175 +\/- 5\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAir Permeability (s)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026lt; 27\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eElectrical Resistivity (through plane)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026lt; 14 mΩcm²\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMicroporous Layer\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYes\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eon catalyzed side\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Fuel Cells ETC","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":54625734852934,"sku":"1620020","price":0.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0533\/5600\/3482\/files\/gas-diffusion-layer-carbon-paper-500x500_7e1a9425-4a67-40d6-a847-25939f57f43f.jpg?v=1749552380"},{"product_id":"4-mgcm-platinum-ruthenium-black-carbon-cloth-electrode-w1s1010","title":"4 mg\/cm² Platinum Ruthenium Black - Carbon Cloth Electrode (W1S1010)","description":"\u003cp\u003eThe 4.0 mg\/cm² Platinum Ruthenium on Carbon Cloth is the most popular Gas Diffusion Electrode (GDE) for use in Direct Methanol Fuel Cells (DMFC). The Platinum Ruthenium (PtRu) catalyst is designed to facilitate the Methanol reaction to create an efficient DMFC. The Gas Diffusion Layer (GDL) used is a standard carbon cloth with MPL which is 365 microns thick. Other GDL materials are also available by custom request\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eas are custom sizes and loadings.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIncludes a Nafion Post Coat for improved water management and adhesion to the membrane.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e4 mg\/cm² Platinum Ruthenium Black - Carbon Cloth Electrode (W1S1009) has been discontinued and was permanently replaced by 4 mg\/cm² Platinum Ruthenium Black - Carbon Cloth Electrode (W1S1010).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere is a limited quantity of this product is available.  Please contact us before you place an online order for this product.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCatalyst Properties\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCatalyst Type\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePlatinum Ruthenium Black - Fuel Cell Grade\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLoading\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e4.0 mg\/cm²\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGas Diffusion Layer Properties\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMaterial Type\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWoven Carbon Fiber Cloth\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThickness\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e0.365 +\/- 0.015 mm (365 +\/- 15 microns)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBasic Weight (g\/m²)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e175 +\/- 5\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAir Permeability (s)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026lt; 27\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eElectrical Resistivity (through plane)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026lt; 14 mΩcm²\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMicroporous Layer\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYes\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eon catalyzed side\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Fuel Cells ETC","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":54625735049542,"sku":"1620026","price":0.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0533\/5600\/3482\/files\/gas-diffusion-layer-carbon-paper-500x500_0aab2782-95e1-4ff3-ae62-0b74286fb7a9.jpg?v=1749552379"},{"product_id":"2-mgcm-platinum-ruthenium-black-carbon-cloth-electrode-w1s1010","title":"2 mg\/cm² Platinum Ruthenium Black - Carbon Cloth Electrode (W1S1010)","description":"\u003cp\u003eThe 2.0 mg\/cm² Platinum Ruthenium on Carbon Cloth is the most popular Gas Diffusion Electrode (GDE) for use in Direct Methanol Fuel Cells (DMFC). The Platinum Ruthenium (PtRu) catalyst is designed to facilitate the Methanol reaction to create an efficient DMFC. The Gas Diffusion Layer (GDL) used is a standard carbon cloth with MPL which is 365 microns thick. Other GDL materials are also available by custom request\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eas are custom sizes and loadings.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIncludes a Nafion Post Coat for improved water management and adhesion to the membrane.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e2 mg\/cm² Platinum Ruthenium Black - Carbon Cloth Electrode (W1S1009) has been discontinued and was permanently replaced by 2 mg\/cm² Platinum Ruthenium Black - Carbon Cloth Electrode (W1S1010).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere is a limited quantity of this product is available.  Please contact us before you place an online order for this product.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCatalyst Properties\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCatalyst Type\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePlatinum Ruthenium Black - Fuel Cell Grade\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLoading\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e2.0 mg\/cm²\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGas Diffusion Layer Properties\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMaterial Type\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWoven Carbon Fiber Cloth\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThickness\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e0.365 +\/- 0.015 mm (365 +\/- 15 microns)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBasic Weight (g\/m²)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e175 +\/- 5\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAir Permeability (s)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026lt; 27\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eElectrical Resistivity (through plane)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026lt; 14 mΩcm²\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMicroporous Layer\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYes\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eon catalyzed side\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Fuel Cells ETC","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":54625735180614,"sku":"1620034","price":0.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}]},{"product_id":"celtec-high-temperature-pem-fuel-cell-mea-25cm2","title":"Celtec High Temperature PEM Fuel Cell MEA (25cm2)","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eCeltec\u003c\/h2\u003e®-P Membrane Electrode Assemblies:\n\u003cp\u003eBASF offers a membrane electrode assembly (MEA) for high-temperature proton exchange membrane (HT-PEM) fuel cells and other relevant applications. This MEA operates at temperatures between 120 and 180 °C and can tolerate large concentrations of carbon monoxide as well as being able to run independently of humidification. This technology enables fuel cell systems to become simpler and more cost effective.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis Celtec®-P MEA has and active area of 25cm2 (5 by 5 cm) and it comes with the proprietary anode and cathode electrodes that are already bonded to the membrane.  A PDF drawing of the MEA design is given below.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMEA Design:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFuel Cell Store currently offers the following standard MEA designs:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCeltec®-P MEA 25 cm2\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCeltec®-P MEA 45 cm2\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCeltec®-P MEA 165 cm2\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor any other tailored or customized high temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cell (HT-PEMFC) MEAs\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eplease contact us atsales@fuelcellstore.com.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eApplications and Properties of Celtec®-P MEAs:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSome of the applications that can benefit from BASF Celtec®-P high temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cell MEAs are provided below.  Some of the major properties of these MEAs are also provided in the table below.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eApplications\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eProperties\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBackup Power\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCombined heat\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003epower\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eand cooling\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAuxiliary power units\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBattery range extender\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBased on polybenzimidazole and phosphoric acid\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOperating temperature 120 to 180 °C\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHigh tolerance to carbon monoxide in the fuel mixture\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNo humidification is necessary\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLong operational lifetime and stability (\u0026gt;20k hours)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFuel Cell Performance of Celtec®-P MEAs:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHydrogen\/Air and Reformate\/Air reactant based fuel cell performance of Celtec®-P MEAs are provided below.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCO Tolerance of Celtec®-P MEAs:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOne of the major benefit of the high temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cell technology is the capability of consuming the reformed hydrogen stream\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eit is essential that MEAs used in such electrochemical devices have excellent carbon monoxide tolerance.  During the reformation reaction\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ethere is a small amount of the carbon monoxide gas generated in the fuel stream exiting the reforming catalyst bed\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eand presence of carbon monoxide can impact the overall fuel cell performance.  BASF Celtec®-P MEAs uses a proprietary anode and cathode catalysts in order to allow the Celtec®-P MEAs tolerate high levels of carbon monoxide compared to the other commercial high temperature PEMFC MEAs.  The following graph provides an example performance curve for Celtec®-P MEAs at different CO concentrations as a function of temperature.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRobust Performance Against Humidity Changes for Celtec®-P MEAs:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eConventional high temperature PEMFC devices would usually use a polybenzimidazole PBI) or a co-polymer of PBI membrane that is phosphoric acid doped after the production of the membrane.  Such membrane activation and containment of the liquid acid inside the membrane result in acid leaching phenomenon.  PEM fuel cells generate water as the main by-product at the cathode side and presence of water further impacts the acid leaching phenomenon with the conventional PBI membrane.  Celtec®-P MEAs utilized an advance form of PBI membrane where the proprietary tetraamino monomer and dicarboxylic acid monomer are first reacted via polycondensation reaction in phosphoric acid and then a solution casting \u0026amp; hydrolysis step is carried out in order to obtain the Celtec®-P membrane.  This sol-gel synthesis protocol allows the PBI membrane to attain a novel morphology where the phosphoric acid is contained inside the membrane more effectively and has less acid leaching issues compared to conventional PBI membranes.  Laboratory test results showed that operational lifetimes of exceeding 20\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e000 hours can easily be achieved with Celtec®-P MEAs and Celtec®-P membranes.  The following graph provides the robust performance of Celtec®-P MEA against different humidity conditions.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor customers that purchased this product\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea copy BASF Fuel Cell Handbook will be provided separately (free-of-charge) in an electronic format such as PDF file.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCeltec-P MEA Design Technical Data Sheet for 25cm2 Active Area\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA typical lead time of 1-2 weeks is to be expected.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Thasar S.r.l.","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":54625735213382,"sku":"20040001","price":0.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0533\/5600\/3482\/files\/celtec-p-mea-product-image-500x500_eef54214-9247-4b58-b76f-ec7aadc302e7.jpg?v=1749552378"},{"product_id":"hxp-anode-electrode-for-alkaline-water-electrolysis","title":"HXP Anode Electrode for Alkaline Water Electrolysis","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eProduct Overview\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe HXP Anode Electrode for Alkaline Water Electrolysis (HXP-an) is a high-performance\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePGM-free anode designed for anion exchange membrane (AEM) and alkaline water electrolysis applications. Engineered with a nickel-iron (Ni-Fe) catalyst\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eit offers long-term durability while maintaining excellent electrochemical activity in alkaline environments. The optimized surface treatment maximizes the electrochemical surface area\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eenhancing reaction efficiency and stability over extended operation. The HXP-an is available in various thicknesses and dimensions\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eallowing for customization based on specific application requirements.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eKey Features\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e1.Compatible with AEM and alkaline water electrolysis\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e2.PGM-free Ni-Fe catalyst\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ereducing costs while maintaining high efficiency\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3.Optimized surface structure for enhanced reaction kinetics and reduced overpotential\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e4.High durability\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eensuring stable long-term performance\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e5.Customizable in thickness and dimensions\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTechnical Specifications\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e•Materials : Nickel\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIron\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e•Pore size : 130 ppi (pores per inch)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e•Porosity : 95 ~ 98%\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e•Thickness : 0.1 ~ 35 mm (before placing an order\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eplease reach out to us at sales@fuelcellstore.com to inquire about the thicknesses available). Standard anode electrodes will have the thickness of ~300 micrometers. Custom thicknesses may require a minimum order quantity value.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e•Dimensions : Length \u0026lt; 300 mm\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWidth \u0026lt; 200mm\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eApplications\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe HXP-an is suitable for both laboratory research and industrial-scale hydrogen production. Ideal for electrode performance evaluations such as half-cell and single-cell testing\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003emaking it a preferred choice for R\u0026amp;D and material validation. Its scalable architecture and structural robustness make it suitable for integration into full-scale AEM\/Alkaline water electrolysis stacks.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSheet Size: Currently\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003esheet sizes of 30 cm x 20 cm will be offered.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHXP-an Electrode Technical Specification Sheet\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e2-3 week lead time is to be expected.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Thasar S.r.l.","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":54625735967046,"sku":"85060001","price":0.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}]},{"product_id":"hxp-cathode-electrode-for-alkaline-water-electrolysis","title":"HXP Cathode Electrode for Alkaline Water Electrolysis","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eProduct Overview\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe HXP-ca is a high-performance cathode engineered for anion exchange membrane (AEM) water electrolysis applications. Utilizing a nano-dispersed ionomer-catalyst structure\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eit maximizes reaction surface area\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eenhancing electrode performance and efficiency. Its low surface roughness minimizes membrane wear and reduces ohmic resistance\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eensuring high performance. Available in custom sizes\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ethe HXP-cat can be tailored to meet specific system requirements\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003emaking it suitable for both research and industrial applications.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eKey Features\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e1.Optimized for AEM water electrolysis\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eensuring high compatibility and efficiency\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e2.Advanced nano-dispersed ionomer-catalyst structure for improved hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) efficiency\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3.Maximized reaction surface area\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eimproving hydrogen evolution kinetics\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e4.Optimized surface smoothness to protect membranes and lower internal resistance\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e5.Customizable in thickness and dimensions\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTechnical Specifications\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e•Materials : Pt\/C + binder (Catalyst layer)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCarbon paper (Gas diffusion layer)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e•Catalyst loading : 0.2 mgPt \/ cm2 (based on XRF)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e•Thickness : 260 ± 20 μm\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e•Area density : 105 ± 10 g \/ m2\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e•Dimensions : Length \u0026lt; 300 mm\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWidth \u0026lt; 200mm\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eApplications\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe HXP-ca is optimized for electrode performance evaluation in laboratory research\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eincluding half-cell and single-cell testing\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eenabling precise electrochemical characterization. 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Our gas diffusion electrodes are perfect for fuel cell testing\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003echemical processes\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eor other specialized uses. Our low-cost\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ehigh quality electrodes can be purchased at custom sizes and there is no minimum order quantity.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGDEs includes a Nafion Post Coat for improved water management and adhesion to the membrane.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePlease contact us for current lead times and pricing.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Fuel Cells ETC","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":54625736065350,"sku":"Custom-GDE","price":0.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}]},{"product_id":"autoclavable-silver-silver-chloride-reference-electrode-autoclavable-ag-agcl","title":"Autoclavable Silver \/ Silver Chloride Reference Electrode - Autoclavable Ag\/AgCl","description":"\u003cp\u003eIt is an autoclavable Ag\/AgCl reference electrode equipped with ceramic frit sealed using PTFE into the PEEK body. All materials used to fabricate this electrode are suitable for hydrothermal processes. However, even PEEK and PTFE can withstand a limited number of autoclave cycles before crazing. \u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eThe number of steam autoclave cycles that an autoclavable Ag\/AgCl will be able to withstand before deteriorating depends mainly on the a\u003c\/span\u003eutoclave temperature, cycle time and Ph of the solution.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eApplication note\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThis electrode is suitable for an aqueous environment under hydrothermal conditions. The electrode should be refilled with an electrolyte (typically 3M KCl) before each use. The electrode can be stored dry or immersed in an electrolyte (3M KCl or a buffer solution). \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSpecification\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003eeffective length: 80 mm (customizable)\u003cbr\u003etube diameter: 6 mm and 4 mm (tip)\u003cbr\u003erecommended filling solution: 3M KCl\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIntrastat data\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003eHS Code: 90278930 \u003cbr\u003eCountry of Origin: Sweden\u003cbr\u003eNET weight: 100g\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProduct includes\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e1 x A\u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eutoclavable \u003c\/span\u003eAg\/AgCl reference electrode\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRelated products\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eAutoclavable 2-CEC 50 mL\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"redox.me","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":56884323320134,"sku":"E-AC_Ag\/AgCl","price":263.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0533\/5600\/3482\/files\/1_89c69866-6c1e-4827-acdd-cf6dcaf1e0d2.png?v=1782911639"},{"product_id":"glassy-vitreous-carbon-rod-electrode-gr-6-60-mm","title":"Glassy (Vitreous) Carbon rod electrode - GCR 6\/60 mm","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eIt is a pure carbon material (\u0026gt;99.9 %) with a fullerene-related structure, commonly used as working electrode or current collector in electrochemical measurements. It has an extreme corrosion resistance at acidic and alkaline media and does not form any intercalation compounds. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eApplication note\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eThe electrode can be used as is or can be coated with an active material. In the second case, a thin film of studied material is deposited on the Glassy Carbon surface. A special attention should be paid to provide a proper adhesion between studied material and substrate. Surface pretreatment such as polishing, vacuum heat treatment, laser activation or electrochemical activation may be applied to improve adhesion. After use the electrode can be chemically cleaned and mechanically polished using micro-sized abrasives (\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cem data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003ee.g.\u003c\/em\u003e\u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e using sub-micron alumina powder) followed by sonication. The Glassy Carbon electrode can be used repeatedly.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSpecification\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eeffective length: 70 mm\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/span\u003erod diameter: 6 mm\u003cbr\u003eplug diameter: 8 mm\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003emaximum temperature: 240 °C (PEEK cup limitation)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eGC density: 1.42 g\/cm\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e3\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eGC open porosity: 0 %\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eGC permeability coefficient: 10\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e-9\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e cm\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e2\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\/s\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eGC Vickers hardness: 230 HV\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eGC specific electrical resistance at 30 °C: 45 Ωµm\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eGC thermal conductivity at 30 °C: 6.3 W\/(Km)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eGC median linear coefficient of expansion (20-200 °C): 2.6x10\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e-6\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e 1\/K\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIntrastat data\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003eHS Code: 85451900\u003cbr\u003eCountry of Origin: Sweden\u003cbr\u003eNET weight: 100 g\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProduct includes\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e1 x Glassy (Vitreous) Carbon rod electrode with cup and pin\u003cbr\u003e1 x O-Ring\u003cbr\u003e1 x glass tube\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRelated products\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003eElectrochemical cells\u003cbr\u003ePhoto-electrochemical cells\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"redox.me","offers":[{"title":"aqueous elelctrolyte","offer_id":56885639348550,"sku":"E-A-GCR_6\/60","price":326.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"organic electrolyte","offer_id":56885639381318,"sku":"E-O-GCR_6\/60","price":368.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0533\/5600\/3482\/files\/1_5ebb14d3-7461-446b-ad78-c48cf18ab614.png?v=1782911763"},{"product_id":"graphite-plate-synthetic-vibration-molded-pack-of-10","title":"Graphite Plate - synthetic, vibration molded, pack of 10 pcs","description":"\u003cp\u003eGraphite, a naturally occurring form of carbon, is renowned for its excellent electrical conductivity and robustness. 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Its porous structure often translates to a larger effective surface area, which can be advantageous in assays requiring increased sensitivity. Furthermore, graphite's ease of surface renewal ensures consistent measurements across experiments, as it can be easily polished between uses.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cem\u003eExamples of use:\u003c\/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e1. Electroplating: Due to its cost-effectiveness and porous nature, graphite is an efficient substrate for metal deposition in electroplating processes.\u003cbr\u003e2. Bulk Electrolysis: For processes that require a significant quantity of electrode material, like bulk electrolysis, the affordability of graphite makes it a preferred choice.\u003cbr\u003e3. Educational Settings: Graphite's durability and cost-efficiency shine in academic laboratories, especially for student experiments where cost and robustness are crucial.\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eApplication note\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e1. Preparation: Ensure the graphite electrode surface is clean and contaminant-free. Due to its relatively soft nature, the electrode surface can be easily mechanically polished between uses to renew its surface.\u003cbr\u003e2. Installation: Fit the graphite plate electrode into your electrochemical cell setup. Ensure a secure connection to your potentiostat to record accurate measurements.\u003cbr\u003e3. Measurement: Graphite electrodes can be employed in a wide array of electrochemical techniques. Given its porous nature, ensure the electrode reaches a stable background current before recording measurements.\u003cbr\u003e4. Maintenance: After usage, rinse the electrode with appropriate solvents and store it in a dry place. 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The material of this electrode is constituted by the graphite which is known as a cost-efficient alternative material to noble metal electrodes. \u003cspan\u003eIt well fits aqueous (EPDM O-Ring) and organic solvent (FFKM O-Ring) electrolyte requirements.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eApplication note\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003eGraphite counter electrodes are commonly used in \u003cem\u003ei.a.\u003c\/em\u003e standard corrosion test cells. The graphite electrode is immersed in the ion-conducting solution as a counter electrode. An electric current is passed between the working electrode and the graphite electrode for a certain amount of time. After the process, the electrode should be washed several times with ethanol and dried under the nitrogen flow. Store the graphite electrode in the glass tube sealed with O-rings (all included in the package). \u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSpecification\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003egrade: HP-III (High Pure Graphite)\u003cbr\u003ebulk density: 1.83 g\/cm\u003csup\u003e3\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/sup\u003eflexural strength: 35-40 MPa\u003cbr\u003ecomprehensive strength: 70-80 MPa\u003cbr\u003eash content: \u0026lt;0.1 %\u003cbr\u003especific resistivity: 9 µΩ·m\u003cbr\u003elength: 70 mm\u003cbr\u003ediameter: 6 mm\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIntrastat data\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003eHS Code: 85451900\u003cbr\u003eCountry of Origin: Sweden\u003cbr\u003eNET weight: 100 g\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProduct includes\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e1 graphite rod electrode with gold-plated pin\u003cbr\u003e1 set of O-rings\u003cbr\u003e1 glass tube\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRelated products\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003eElectrochemical cells\u003cbr\u003ePhoto-electrochemical cells\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"redox.me","offers":[{"title":"water-based electrolyte","offer_id":56885640692038,"sku":"E-A-Gr_6\/70","price":63.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"organic electrolyte","offer_id":56885640724806,"sku":"E-O-Gr_6\/70","price":105.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0533\/5600\/3482\/files\/1_06267451-2f01-4e2c-8d62-53d07602b71f.png?v=1782911770"},{"product_id":"high-pressure-ag-agcl-reference-electrode-6-75-mm","title":"High-Pressure Ag\/AgCl Reference Electrode - 6\/75 mm","description":"\u003cp\u003eIt is a compact refillable high-pressure Ag\/AgCl reference electrode equipped with nanoporous polymer frit installed into the PEEK body. This electrode outperforms competing products in terms of mechanical stability, voltage stability and lifetime. In general, the reference electrode is composed of a system of phases, which retain an essentially constant composition, and therefore provides a stable potential by which the working electrode potential can be monitored even at high pressure and high temperature. The phases present in reference electrodes undergo reversible redox processes at a very high rate, enabling them to rapidly adjust to changes in the solution’s ionic activity, but leaving them sensitive to the passage of large current densities.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eApplication note\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThis high-pressure electrode is commonly used with aqueous acidic electrolytes, but due to the low resistance of the frit it can be used with standard non-aqueous electrolytes, as well. \u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eThe high-pressure electrodes should be installed in the high-pressure cell using Swagelok electrode fitting 6 mm OD. \u003c\/span\u003eBefore use rinse it with deionized water and fill it up with an electrolyte (preferably 3M KCl, not included in the set) through the electrolyte inlet using a syringe with a needle. For cleaning, use detergent (dishwashing detergent with water), alcohols, or acetone, and rinse it with deionized water at the end. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSpecification\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003eeffective length: 75 mm\u003cbr\u003etube diameter: 6 mm\u003cbr\u003efilling solution: 3M KCl (not included)\u003cbr\u003epotential stability: \u0026lt;5 mV\u003cbr\u003epolymer frit resistance: 2-10 kohm at RT\u003cbr\u003emaximum temperature: 250 deg C\u003cbr\u003emaximum pressure: 50 bar\u003cbr\u003epotential vs SHE at 25 °C: 0.207 V\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIntrastat data\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003eHS Code: 90278930 \u003cbr\u003eCountry of Origin: Sweden\u003cbr\u003eNET weight: 100g\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProduct includes\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e1x high-pressure Ag\/AgCl refillable reference electrode\u003cbr\u003e1x glass tube\u003cstrong\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRelated products\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003eHigh-pressure cells\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"redox.me","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":56885641150790,"sku":"E-HP_Ag\/AgCl_6_75","price":450.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0533\/5600\/3482\/files\/1_9468adec-1ead-486d-9436-dc742460f5c4.png?v=1782911773"},{"product_id":"high-pressure-wire-counter-electrode-hp90hx15-0-6-290-mm","title":"High-Pressure Wire Counter Electrode - HP90HX15 0.6\/290 mm","description":"\u003cp\u003eThe high-pressure metal wire counter (auxiliary) electrode is provided in the high-pressure electrochemical cell as a current sink to shunt excess current away from the reference electrode. The counter electrode is generally chosen to be inert under reaction conditions, typically platinum, rhodium, palladium, or gold wire. It fits aqueous and organic solvent electrolyte requirements well.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eApplication note\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThe high-pressure metal wire electrode is installed in the high-pressure cell lid to be immersed in the ion-conducting solution as a counter electrode. An electric current is passed between the working electrode and the counter electrode for a certain amount of time. The high-pressure electrodes should be installed in the high-pressure cell using Swagelok electrode fitting 6 mm OD. After the process, the electrode should be washed several times with isopropanol or ethanol and dried under the nitrogen flow. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSpecification\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003ehelix inner diameter: 4.8 mm\u003cbr\u003ehelix outer diameter: 6 mm\u003cbr\u003enumber of turns: 12\u003cbr\u003ewire diameter: 0.6 mm\u003cbr\u003etotal wire length: 290 mm (215 mm long helix, 75 mm long straight wire)\u003cbr\u003eelectrode body material: PEEK\u003cbr\u003emaximum temperature: 250 deg C\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003emaximum pressure: 50 bar\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIntrastat data\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003eHS Code: 71101910 (platinum), 71081310 (gold), 75051100 (nickel), 71104900 (iridium)\u003cbr\u003eCountry of Origin: Sweden\u003cbr\u003eNET weight: 100 g\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProduct includes\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e1x high-pressure metal wire electrode\u003cbr\u003e1x glass vial\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRelated products\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003eHigh-pressure cells\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"redox.me","offers":[{"title":"Platinum (99.9%)","offer_id":56885641445702,"sku":"E-HP90HX15_Pt-4mm_B","price":734.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"Gold (99.9%)","offer_id":56885641478470,"sku":"E-HP90HX15_Au-4mm_B","price":734.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"Iridium (99.9%)","offer_id":56885641511238,"sku":"E-HP90HX15_Ir-4mm_B","price":734.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"Nickel (Ni-201)","offer_id":56885641544006,"sku":"E-HP90HX15_Ni-4mm_B","price":350.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0533\/5600\/3482\/files\/1_d31839dc-aaf2-4833-be94-d97d5b5cfda2.png?v=1782911777"},{"product_id":"high-pressure-working-disk-electrode-peek-body-6-75-mm","title":"High-Pressure Working Disk Electrode - PEEK body 6\/75 mm","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis is a high-pressure standard working electrode in which a disk of electrode material (glassy carbon, gold, platinum, titanium, silver, palladium, copper or boron-doped diamond) is embedded into the PEEK body by a compressed PTFE\/PEEK sleeve. It well fits aqueous and organic solvent electrolyte requirements.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eApplication note\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThe high-pressure disk electrode is installed in the high-pressure cell lid to be immersed in the ion-conducting solution as a working electrode. An electric current is passed between the working electrode and the counter electrode for a certain amount of time. \u003cspan\u003eThe high-pressure electrodes should be installed in the high-pressure cell using Swagelok electrode fitting 6 mm OD.\u003c\/span\u003e After the experiment, the electrode should be washed several times with ethanol or isopropanol. If the disk electrode was used as a current collector with other electrode material, or when there are visible traces of material absorption, it should be polished down to the mirror surface after the experiment is completed. Instruction on maintenance is provided on the Electrode Polishing Kit product page.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSpecification\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003edisk diameter: 2 or 3 mm\u003cbr\u003edisk length: 3 mm for GC, Au, Pt, Ag, Ti, Pd and Cu; 1.5 mm for BDD\u003cbr\u003ebody material: PEEK with PTFE\/PEEK sleeve\u003cbr\u003ebody diameter: 6 mm\u003cbr\u003emaximum temperature: 250 deg C\u003cbr\u003emaximum pressure: 50 bar\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIntrastat data\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan\u003eHS Code: 90279090\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan\u003eCountry of Origin: Sweden\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan\u003eNET weight: 100 g\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProduct includes\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e1x high-pressure working disk electrode\u003cbr\u003e1x glass tube\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRelated products\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003eHigh-pressure cells\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"redox.me","offers":[{"title":"glassy carbon \/ 2 mm (default)","offer_id":56885645377862,"sku":"E-HP_DISK_GC-75-2","price":400.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"glassy carbon \/ 3 mm","offer_id":56885645410630,"sku":"E-HP_DISK_GC-75-3","price":425.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"gold \/ 2 mm (default)","offer_id":56885645443398,"sku":"E-HP_DISK_Au-75-2","price":470.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"gold \/ 3 mm","offer_id":56885645476166,"sku":"E-HP_DISK_Au-75-3","price":582.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"platinum \/ 2 mm (default)","offer_id":56885645508934,"sku":"E-HP_DISK_Pt-75-2","price":470.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"platinum \/ 3 mm","offer_id":56885645541702,"sku":"E-HP_DISK_Pt-75-3","price":582.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"silver \/ 2 mm (default)","offer_id":56885645574470,"sku":"E-HP_DISK_Ag-75-2","price":400.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"silver \/ 3 mm","offer_id":56885645607238,"sku":"E-HP_DISK_Ag-75-3","price":425.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"boron-doped diamond \/ 2 mm (default)","offer_id":56885645640006,"sku":"E-HP_DISK_BDD-75-2","price":420.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"boron-doped diamond \/ 3 mm","offer_id":56885645672774,"sku":"E-HP_DISK_BDD-75-3","price":470.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"titanium \/ 2 mm (default)","offer_id":56885645705542,"sku":"E-HP_DISK_Ti-75-2","price":400.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"titanium \/ 3 mm","offer_id":56885645738310,"sku":"E-HP_DISK_Ti-75-3","price":425.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"palladium \/ 2 mm (default)","offer_id":56885645771078,"sku":"E-HP_DISK_Pd-75-2","price":470.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"palladium \/ 3 mm","offer_id":56885645803846,"sku":"E-HP_DISK_Pd-75-3","price":582.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"copper \/ 2 mm (default)","offer_id":56885645836614,"sku":"E-HP_DISK_Cu-75-2","price":400.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"copper \/ 3 mm","offer_id":56885645869382,"sku":"E-HP_DISK_Cu-75-3","price":425.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0533\/5600\/3482\/files\/1_e9a48523-c145-4901-be7f-06adab0c3d2f.png?v=1782911778"},{"product_id":"iridium-coated-titanium-ptl-optimized-for-pem-water-electrolysis","title":"Iridium-Coated Titanium PTL – Optimized for PEM Water Electrolysis","description":"\u003cp\u003eMembrane Electrode Assembly (MEA) is the core component used in Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) electrolyzers. The MEA is an integral part of the electrolyzer stack where the electrolysis reactions take place. It consists of several layers, each with a specific function, and is designed to facilitate the efficient production of hydrogen from water. In a MEA the catalyst layer, typically composed of platinum and iridium, is applied onto a titanium porous transport layer (PTL). This configuration optimizes the electrode's efficiency and durability, which is crucial for generating hydrogen through water electrolysis. This Impaction-assisted Spark Ablated iridium coating enhances the catalyst's stability and performance, making the electrode assembly more resistant to degradation over time, thereby improving the overall efficiency of the electrolysis process.\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCustomisation options include: a) iridium loading: low to high, b) PTL size, and c) coating only on the provided PTL. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eEach product comes with additional services that you can choose on this page.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u003cspan style=\"mso-ansi-language: #2000;\"\u003eApplication note\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cspan style=\"mso-ansi-language: #2000;\"\u003eThe iridium-coated titanium PTL is designed for high-efficiency PEM electrolyzers. It offers exceptional corrosion resistance and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) performance. Its uniform and nano-scale iridium coating ensures durability under harsh anodic conditions.\u003cbr\u003eThe main features of the iridium-coated titanium PTL are: a) uniform iridium catalyst layer, customizable loading, b) high porosity titanium substrate, and c) compatibility with most MEA stack designs. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u003cspan style=\"mso-ansi-language: #2000;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cspan style=\"mso-ansi-language: #2000;\"\u003eThe main applications of this iridium-coated titanium PTL are: a) \u003c\/span\u003ePEM Water Electrolysis (anode side) at lab-scale \u0026amp; industrially relevant conditions, b) high-current-density electrolyzers (Co2RR, NRR, etc.), and c) custom R\u0026amp;D setups. For more information, see the White Paper.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSpecification\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cb style=\"font-size: 0.875rem;\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/b\u003esubstrate: titanium PTL\u003cbr\u003ecoating material: iridium\u003cbr\u003ecoating method: Impaction-assisted Spark Ablation\u003cbr\u003ethickness of the electrode: 250 μm +\/-5 μm\u003cbr\u003eporosity: 30-80%\u003cbr\u003edimensions*: 1x1, 2x2, 2.5x2.5, 3x3, 5x5, 10x10 and 15x15 cm\u003csup\u003e2\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003cbr\u003ecompatibility: PEM Electrolyzers (CO2RR, N2RR, etc.)\u003cbr\u003eoperating temperature: RT to 120 deg C\u003cbr\u003esupplier: VSParticle B.V., The Netherlands\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cem\u003e*other sizes available on request\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u003cspan style=\"mso-ansi-language: #2000;\"\u003eIntrastat data\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cspan style=\"mso-ansi-language: 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This stability ensures the reproducibility of measurements over time, making them reliable reference points in electrochemical experiments. Mercury-based electrodes have a wide potential range, allowing for measurements across a broad spectrum of electrochemical processes. This flexibility makes them suitable for various applications, including highly alkaline environments. \u003cspan\u003eThe Hg\/HgO Reference Electrode is designed specifically for alkaline solutions. \u003c\/span\u003eMercury-based reference electrodes are also less susceptible to interference from oxygen compared to some other reference electrodes. This characteristic is particularly beneficial when working in oxygen-sensitive electrochemical systems.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eApplication note\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003eThe reference electrode should be stored with the rubber plug applied on the tip. Please see the complete instructions here. Keeping in the electrolyte may shorten its lifetime; the electrode operates well as long as there is at least ¼ of the solution in the electrode tube. Before use, rinse it with deionised water. If air bubbles are present around the porous frit, flick the tip several times to remove them. For cleaning, use detergent, alcohols or acetone and rinse it with deionised water. This reference electrode cannot be re-filled.\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/span\u003eDespite mercury-based reference electrode advantages, it's essential to note that the use of mercury-based reference electrodes has raised environmental concerns due to the toxicity of mercury. Please use it responsibly to prevent environmental contamination and harm to human health. When it is no longer suitable for use, dispose according to local regulations. Always prioritize safety and seek guidance from appropriate authorities to ensure the responsible and environmentally friendly disposal of mercury-containing items.\u003cstrong\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSpecification\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003eEffective length: 30 mm or 70 mm\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eTube diameter: 6 mm\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eFilling solution: 3 M KCl for Hg\/Hg\u003csub data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e2\u003c\/sub\u003eCl\u003csub data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e2\u003c\/sub\u003e (SCE), and 3M KOH for Hg\/HgO\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003ePotential stability: \u0026lt;5 mV\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eFrit resistance: 2-10 kohm at RT\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eOperating temperature: 0-100 °C\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIntrastat data\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003eHS Code: 90278930 \u003cbr\u003eCountry of Origin: Sweden\u003cbr\u003eNET weight: 100g\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProduct includes\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e1x  non-refillable reference electrode\u003cbr\u003e1x rubber cup\u003cbr\u003e1x O-ring\u003cbr\u003e1x glass tube for storing purposes\u003cstrong\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRelated products\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003eElectrochemical cells\u003cbr\u003ePhoto-electrochemical cells\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"redox.me","offers":[{"title":"Hg\/HgO – Mercury \/ Mercury Oxide \/ 30 mm","offer_id":56885649244486,"sku":"E-Hg\/HgO_30","price":250.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"Hg\/HgO – Mercury \/ Mercury Oxide \/ 70 mm","offer_id":56885649277254,"sku":"E-Hg\/HgO_70","price":250.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"Hg\/Hg2Cl2 (SCE) - Saturated calomel \/ 30 mm","offer_id":56885649310022,"sku":"E-Hg\/Hg2Cl2_30","price":250.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"Hg\/Hg2Cl2 (SCE) - Saturated calomel \/ 70 mm","offer_id":56885649342790,"sku":"E-Hg\/Hg2Cl2_70","price":250.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0533\/5600\/3482\/files\/1_98e53079-ab67-41e5-b001-0ee8e730e479.png?v=1782911797"},{"product_id":"metal-foam-electrode-current-collector-set-of-10","title":"Metal Foam Electrode\/Current Collector - set of 10","description":"\u003cp\u003eMetal foam current collectors are specially engineered for enhanced charge storage and efficient current distribution. With an open-pore structure, the foam facilitates superior conductivity and ensures high active material utilization. Its flexibility and porous nature allow it to be widely adopted in various electrochemical systems. The inherent properties of metal foam benefit energy storage devices and other electrochemical applications.\u003cbr\u003eFeatures and benefits include (a) high conductivity - ensures efficient electron transfer, optimizing device performance; (b) flexibility - can be adapted and shaped to fit diverse electrochemical systems; (c) porous structure - enables high electrolyte penetration, ensuring maximal interface interaction; (d) lightweight - improves the energy density of the final device; (e) high mechanical strength - durable and resistant to structural degradation, extending the lifespan of devices; and (f) corrosion resistance - increases the stability and lifespan of the collector, especially in aggressive electrolytes.\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eApplication note\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"mso-ansi-language: EN-US;\"\u003eDue to their superior conductive properties and flexible design, metal foam current collectors are widely adopted in electrochemical cells, batteries, and supercapacitors. Typical applications encompass (a) anodes or cathodes in secondary batteries, (b) electrodes in electrochemical capacitors, (c) hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) processes, (d) supports for catalysts in electrochemical reactions, (e) energy storage devices requiring high surface area electrodes.\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"mso-ansi-language: EN-US;\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eNickel foam electrodes and current collectors are highly durable and offer excellent resistance to corrosion, particularly in alkaline environments. Nickel is also known for its good electrical conductivity, which makes it suitable for many electrochemical applications where efficient electron flow is critical. Nickel is typically used in alkaline electrolysis, electrochemical sensors, and rechargeable batteries. \u003cbr\u003eCopper foam electrodes and current collectors offer excellent electrical conductivity, thereby enhancing the efficiency of electrochemical reactions. However, copper is more prone to corrosion in oxidative or acidic environments, so it is typically used in applications where these conditions are minimal or controlled. Copper is typically used in the electroplating of copper, battery testing, especially those with low electrochemical reactivity, and electrochemical synthesis. \u003cbr\u003eTitanium foam electrodes and current collectors are known for their exceptional corrosion resistance, particularly in harsh environments such as seawater and highly acidic or oxidative solutions. Typical applications of Titanium include seawater electrolysis, fuel cells, and electrochemical sensors in marine or industrial applications. \u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSpecification\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003esurface treatment: untreated\u003cbr\u003epurity: laboratory-grade\u003cbr\u003ematerial: \u003cspan\u003eNi, Cu, or Ti\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003eporosity: 99.8 % \u003cbr\u003enumber of pores per inch (PPI): 110\u003cbr\u003epore diameter: 0.2 - 0.6 mm\u003cbr\u003ethickness: 1.5 mm\u003cbr\u003ecutting method: die cutting\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIntrastat data\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan\u003eHS Code: 750210 (nickel), 741920 (copper), 810890 (titanium)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan\u003eCountry of Origin: Sweden\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003eNET weight: 100 g\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProduct includes\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e10 x Metal Foam Electrode\/Current Collector of selected size and material\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRelated products\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003eElectrochemical Cells\u003cbr\u003ePhoto-electrochemical Cells\u003cbr\u003eSpectro-electrochemical Cells\u003cbr\u003eHolders \u0026amp; Adapters\u003cbr\u003eEtch Cells\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"redox.me","offers":[{"title":"nickel \/ 10 mm","offer_id":56885649375558,"sku":"E-M_F_Ni-10diax1.5-10p","price":110.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"nickel \/ 11.3 mm","offer_id":56885649408326,"sku":"E-M_F_Ni-11.3diax1.5-10p","price":115.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"nickel \/ 12 mm","offer_id":56885649441094,"sku":"E-M_F_Ni-12diax1.5-10p","price":120.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"nickel \/ 14 mm","offer_id":56885649473862,"sku":"E-M_F_Ni-14diax1.5-10p","price":125.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"nickel \/ 15 mm","offer_id":56885649506630,"sku":"E-M_F_Ni-15diax1.5-10p","price":130.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"nickel \/ 16 mm","offer_id":56885649539398,"sku":"E-M_F_Ni-16diax1.5-10p","price":135.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"nickel \/ 18 mm","offer_id":56885649572166,"sku":"E-M_F_Ni-18diax1.5-10p","price":140.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"nickel \/ 20 mm","offer_id":56885649604934,"sku":"E-M_F_Ni-20diax1.5-10p","price":145.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"nickel \/ 25 mm","offer_id":56885649637702,"sku":"E-M_F_Ni-25diax1.5-10p","price":150.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"copper \/ 10 mm","offer_id":56885649670470,"sku":"E-M_F_Cu-10diax1.5-10p","price":110.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"copper \/ 11.3 mm","offer_id":56885649703238,"sku":"E-M_F_Cu-11.3diax1.5-10p","price":115.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"copper \/ 12 mm","offer_id":56885649736006,"sku":"E-M_F_Cu-12diax1.5-10p","price":120.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"copper \/ 14 mm","offer_id":56885649768774,"sku":"E-M_F_Cu-14diax1.5-10p","price":125.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"copper \/ 15 mm","offer_id":56885649801542,"sku":"E-M_F_Cu-15diax1.5-10p","price":130.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"copper \/ 16 mm","offer_id":56885649834310,"sku":"E-M_F_Cu-16diax1.5-10p","price":135.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"copper \/ 18 mm","offer_id":56885649867078,"sku":"E-M_F_Cu-18diax1.5-10p","price":140.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"copper \/ 20 mm","offer_id":56885649899846,"sku":"E-M_F_Cu-20diax1.5-10p","price":145.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"copper \/ 25 mm","offer_id":56885649932614,"sku":"E-M_F_Cu-25diax1.5-10p","price":150.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"titanium \/ 10 mm","offer_id":56885649965382,"sku":"E-M_F_Ti-10diax1.5-10p","price":110.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"titanium \/ 11.3 mm","offer_id":56885649998150,"sku":"E-M_F_Ti-11.3diax1.5-10p","price":115.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"titanium \/ 12 mm","offer_id":56885650030918,"sku":"E-M_F_Ti-12diax1.5-10p","price":120.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"titanium \/ 14 mm","offer_id":56885650063686,"sku":"E-M_F_Ti-14diax1.5-10p","price":125.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"titanium \/ 15 mm","offer_id":56885650096454,"sku":"E-M_F_Ti-15diax1.5-10p","price":130.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"titanium \/ 16 mm","offer_id":56885650129222,"sku":"E-M_F_Ti-16diax1.5-10p","price":135.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"titanium \/ 18 mm","offer_id":56885650161990,"sku":"E-M_F_Ti-18diax1.5-10p","price":140.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"titanium \/ 20 mm","offer_id":56885650194758,"sku":"E-M_F_Ti-20diax1.5-10p","price":145.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"titanium \/ 25 mm","offer_id":56885650227526,"sku":"E-M_F_Ti-25diax1.5-10p","price":150.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0533\/5600\/3482\/files\/1_9cc95585-fc91-4596-a8b9-167489011586.png?v=1782911799"},{"product_id":"metal-mesh-electrode-with-holder-set-of-10-pcs","title":"Metal Mesh Electrode with Holder - set of 10 pcs","description":"\u003cp data-end=\"510\" data-start=\"0\"\u003eMetal mesh electrodes are essential components in electrochemical applications, serving as counter electrodes to complete the electrical circuit and enable efficient electrochemical reactions. Electrodes in this product are designed with an expanded mesh structure, maximizing surface area while maintaining mechanical stability. The material chosen for the mesh plays a significant role in determining the electrode’s performance, such as its conductivity, corrosion resistance, and durability in specific environments.\u003cbr\u003eElectrodes with high electrical conductivity are preferred for applications requiring efficient electron flow, such as in energy storage systems or electroplating processes. At the same time, the material must be resistant to corrosion, especially in aggressive or corrosive environments, to ensure long-term stability and prevent degradation during continuous use. In some applications, lightweight electrodes are needed to minimize the overall system weight, while in others, robust, corrosion-resistant electrodes are essential for handling harsh conditions, such as high acidity or exposure to chloride-rich solutions.\u003cbr\u003eThe mesh structure of these electrodes enables a large surface area to come into contact with the electrolyte, thereby improving the efficiency of the electrochemical process. This design is particularly beneficial in processes like electrolysis, fuel cell reactions, or corrosion studies, where maximizing the reaction site is critical. Additionally, the durability of the metal ensures that the electrodes maintain their structural integrity over time, even under varying temperatures and electrolyte conditions.\u003cbr\u003eFor each material variant, the electrode mesh was made from pure metal with laboratory-grade purity. The electrode is installed in the Basic Sample Holder (1 piece included in the set), which allows full immersion of the electrode in the electrolyte (wet tantalum contact). It well fits aqueous and organic solvent electrolyte requirements. You can also choose the version without the holder. Electrode size is customizable on request. \u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eApplication note\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003eNickel (Ni201) mesh counter electrodes are highly durable and offer excellent resistance to corrosion, particularly in alkaline environments. Nickel is also known for its good electrical conductivity, which makes it suitable for many electrochemical applications where efficient electron flow is critical. Nickel is typically used in alkaline electrolysis, electrochemical sensors, and rechargeable batteries. \u003cbr\u003eAluminium mesh counter electrodes provide moderate electrical conductivity and excellent corrosion resistance, particularly in non-acidic environments. Aluminium is typically used in electroplating of non-ferrous metals, corrosion studies, and low-cost electrolysis. \u003cbr\u003eTitanium mesh counter electrodes are known for their exceptional corrosion resistance, particularly in harsh environments such as seawater and highly acidic or oxidative solutions. Typical applications of Titanium include seawater electrolysis, fuel cells, and electrochemical sensors in marine or industrial applications. \u003cbr\u003eCopper mesh counter electrodes provide excellent electrical conductivity, which enhances the efficiency of electrochemical reactions. However, copper is more prone to corrosion in oxidative or acidic environments, so it is typically used in applications where these conditions are minimal or controlled. Copper is typically used in the electroplating of copper, battery testing, especially those with low electrochemical reactivity, and electrochemical synthesis. \u003cbr\u003eStainless Steel 316L, an alloy with low carbon content, offers superior corrosion resistance, especially in chloride-rich and acidic environments. Its high mechanical strength, combined with excellent durability, makes it a popular choice for demanding electrochemical applications. Stainless Steel 316L is typically used in electrolysis, particularly in the production of chlorine or hydrogen, fuel cells, and corrosion testing studies, especially in the marine and chemical industries.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSpecification\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMesh type: expanded metal\u003cbr\u003emesh hole size: 3 mm x 2 mm\u003cbr\u003emesh thickness: 0.5 mm\u003cbr\u003eelectrode size: 25x25mm\u003csup\u003e2\u003c\/sup\u003e, 50x50mm\u003csup\u003e2\u003c\/sup\u003e, 100x100mm\u003csup\u003e2\u003c\/sup\u003e, custom\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIntrastat data\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003eHS Code: 750210 (nickel), 761699 (aluminium), 810890 (titanium), 741920 (copper), 731419 (Stainless Steel 316L)\u003cbr\u003eCountry of Origin: Sweden\u003cbr\u003eNET weight: 100 g\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProduct includes\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e10 x Metal Mesh Electrode of selected size and material\u003cbr\u003e1 x Basic Sample Holder (if selected)\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRelated products\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003eElectrochemical cells\u003cbr\u003ePhoto-electrochemical cells\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"redox.me","offers":[{"title":"nickel \/ 25 mm x 25 mm \/ Yes. I need it for aqueous electrolyte.","offer_id":56885650325830,"sku":"E-A-Ni-25x25-10p+H","price":359.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"nickel \/ 25 mm x 25 mm \/ Yes. I need it for organic electrolyte.","offer_id":56885650358598,"sku":"E-O-Ni-25x25-10p+H","price":391.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"nickel \/ 25 mm x 25 mm \/ No. I do not need it.","offer_id":56885650391366,"sku":"E-Ni-25x25-10p","price":65.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"nickel \/ 50 mm x 50 mm \/ Yes. I need it for aqueous electrolyte.","offer_id":56885650424134,"sku":"E-A-Ni-50x50-10p+H","price":554.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"nickel \/ 50 mm x 50 mm \/ Yes. 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I need it for organic electrolyte.","offer_id":56885650751814,"sku":"E-O-Al-50x50-10p+H","price":576.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"aluminium \/ 50 mm x 50 mm \/ No. I do not need it.","offer_id":56885650784582,"sku":"E-Al-50x50-10p","price":250.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"aluminium \/ 100 mm x 100 mm \/ Yes. I need it for aqueous electrolyte.","offer_id":56885650817350,"sku":"E-A-Al-100x100-10p+H","price":1294.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"aluminium \/ 100 mm x 100 mm \/ Yes. I need it for organic electrolyte.","offer_id":56885650850118,"sku":"E-O-Al-100x100-10p+H","price":1326.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"aluminium \/ 100 mm x 100 mm \/ No. I do not need it.","offer_id":56885650882886,"sku":"E-Al-100x100-10p","price":1000.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"titanium \/ 25 mm x 25 mm \/ Yes. 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Store the metal wire electrode in the glass vial sealed with O-rings (all included in the package). \u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSpecification\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003ehelix inner diameter: 4.8 mm\u003cbr\u003ehelix outer diameter: 6 mm\u003cbr\u003enumber of turns: 12\u003cbr\u003ewire diameter: 0.6 mm\u003cbr\u003etotal wire length: 250 mm (215 mm long helix, 35 mm long straight wire)\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIntrastat data\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003eHS Code: 71101910 (platinum), 71081310 (gold),\u003cbr\u003eCountry of Origin: Sweden\u003cbr\u003eNET weight: 100 g\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProduct includes\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e1 metal wire electrode with PEEK plug and selected electrical connector\u003cbr\u003e1 O-Ring\u003cbr\u003e1 glass vial\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRelated products\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003eElectrochemical cells\u003cbr\u003ePhoto-electrochemical cells\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"redox.me","offers":[{"title":"water-based electrolyte \/ Platinum (99.9%) \/ 1 mm dia. gold plated pin","offer_id":56885653504326,"sku":"E-A-50HX15_Pt-1mm","price":513.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"water-based electrolyte \/ Platinum (99.9%) \/ 4 mm female banana socket","offer_id":56885653537094,"sku":"E-A-50HX15_Pt-4mm_B","price":525.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"water-based electrolyte \/ Gold \/ 1 mm dia. gold plated pin","offer_id":56885653569862,"sku":"E-A-50HX15_Au-1mm","price":513.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"water-based electrolyte \/ Gold \/ 4 mm female banana socket","offer_id":56885653602630,"sku":"E-A-50HX15_Au-4mm_B","price":525.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"organic electrolyte \/ Platinum (99.9%) \/ 1 mm dia. gold plated pin","offer_id":56885653635398,"sku":"E-O-50HX15_Pt-1mm","price":555.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"organic electrolyte \/ Platinum (99.9%) \/ 4 mm female banana socket","offer_id":56885653668166,"sku":"E-O-50HX15_Pt-4mm_B","price":567.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"organic electrolyte \/ Gold \/ 1 mm dia. gold plated pin","offer_id":56885653700934,"sku":"E-O-50HX15_Au-1mm","price":555.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"organic electrolyte \/ Gold \/ 4 mm female banana socket","offer_id":56885653733702,"sku":"E-O-50HX15_Au-4mm_B","price":567.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0533\/5600\/3482\/files\/1_214d8cd4-099e-47ae-999e-7b3d32fed616.png?v=1782911805"},{"product_id":"metal-wire-auxiliary-electrode-50hx15-0-6-250-mm-1","title":"Metal Wire Auxiliary Electrode - 50HX15 0.6\/250 mm - Platinum (99.9%)","description":"The metal wire counter (auxiliary) electrode is provided in electrochemical cell as a current sink to shunt excess current away from the reference electrode. 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Store the metal wire electrode in the glass tube sealed with O-rings (all included in the package). \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSpecification\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003ehelix inner diameter: 4.8 mm\u003cbr\u003ehelix outer diameter: 6 mm\u003cbr\u003enumber of turns: 12\u003cbr\u003ewire diameter: 0.6 mm\u003cbr\u003ewire length: 250 mm (215 mm long helix, 35 mm long straight wire)\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProduct includes\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e1 metal wire electrode with gold-plated pin and PEEK plug\u003cbr\u003e2 O-rings\u003cbr\u003e1 glass tube\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eRelated products\u003cbr\u003eBMM EC 15mL - bottom magnetic mount electrochemical cell\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e","brand":"redox.me","offers":[{"title":"Platinum (99.9%)","offer_id":56885653799238,"sku":null,"price":230.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0533\/5600\/3482\/files\/1_4fd73f45-72b1-47f6-ba02-1efd8f8f5155.png?v=1782911806"},{"product_id":"metal-wire-auxiliary-electrode-50hx15-0-6-250-mm-2","title":"Metal Wire Auxiliary Electrode - 50HX15 0.6\/250 mm - Platinum (99.9%)","description":"The metal wire counter (auxiliary) electrode is provided in electrochemical cell as a current sink to shunt excess current away from the reference electrode. 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